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Spanish (Spain)

### Asking Questions in Spanish

In Spanish, all question words have a written accent mark to distinguish them from other words that sound the same. You will also notice that every written question begins with an inverted question mark (**¿**) and ends with a standard one (**?**).

### "Cómo" (How)

Use **cómo** to ask *how* something is done or how someone is feeling. A very common response is **bien** (well or fine).

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You can also use it to ask how an action takes place, like how someone travels (**viajar**).

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### "Quién" (Who)

To ask *who* is doing an action or to identify a person, use **quién**. When **quién** is the subject of the sentence, it pairs with the "he/she/it" (third-person singular) form of the verb.

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### "Cuándo" (When)

When you want to know the time an event happens, use **cuándo**. We often use it with verbs like **llegar** (to arrive).

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### "Cuál" (Which / What)

Use **cuál** when you are asking "which one" to identify something from a group or category. While it directly translates to "which," in English we often say "what" in these situations (such as asking "What is the problem?").

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Question words (quién, cómo)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Question	Answer
how	cómo
How are you now?	¿Cómo estás ahora?
well / fine	bien
I am very well, but he is not well.	Estoy muy bien, pero él no está bien.
to travel	viajar
How do they travel?	¿Cómo viajan ellos?
They travel very well.	Viajan muy bien.
who	quién
Who is the new student?	¿Quién es el estudiante nuevo?
Who writes the letter?	¿Quién escribe la carta?
Who speaks English here?	¿Quién habla inglés aquí?
when	cuándo
to arrive	llegar
When do you arrive here?	¿Cuándo llegas aquí?
When do they arrive?	¿Cuándo llegan ellos?
the train	el tren
The train arrives now.	El tren llega ahora.
Do you travel by train?	¿Viajas en tren?
which / what (implying a choice)	cuál
What is the problem?	¿Cuál es el problema?
Which is the new train?	¿Cuál es el tren nuevo?
Which is the big house?	¿Cuál es la casa grande?