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Spanish (Spain)

### Asking the price

Ask a price with **costar** (to cost). It changes **o → ue**, like **poder**: **¿Cuánto cuesta?** for one thing, **¿Cuánto cuestan?** for several. At the till, **¿Cuánto es?** asks for the total. The price itself is **el precio**, and it can be **alto** (high) or **bajo** (low).

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### Euros and cents

Spain pays in **euros** and **céntimos**. Say the euros, then **y**, then the cents:

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When you pay with a big note, you get **la vuelta** (the change) back:

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### More, another, buy and sell

| word | meaning | example |
|---|---|---|
| **más** | more | *más pan* |
| **otro / otra** | another | *otro café* |
| **vender** | to sell | *vendo mi coche* |
| **cambiar** | to change, to exchange | *cambiar dinero* |

Careful with **otro**: it never takes **un** in front of it. *Another coffee* is **otro café**, never *un otro café*.

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### Going shopping

Two different kinds of shopping:

| Spanish | meaning |
|---|---|
| **ir de compras** | to go shopping (clothes, presents — for pleasure) |
| **hacer la compra** | to do the grocery shopping (food for the week) |

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A big covered shopping mall is **el centro comercial**:

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How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Question	Answer
the price	el precio
How much is the bread?	¿Cuánto es el pan?
The price is very high.	El precio es muy alto.
What is the price of the book?	¿Cuál es el precio del libro?
The price of bread is low.	El precio del pan es bajo.
Do you want more coffee?	¿Quieres más café?
I want more bread and more cheese.	Quiero más pan y más queso.
the cent	el céntimo
It's two euros and fifty cents.	Son dos euros y cincuenta céntimos.
I only have twenty cents.	Solo tengo veinte céntimos.
the change (money)	la vuelta
Here is your change.	Aquí tienes la vuelta.
And the change?	¿Y la vuelta?
to cost	costar
How much does the book cost?	¿Cuánto cuesta el libro?
How much are the apples?	¿Cuánto cuestan las manzanas?
The coffee costs one euro.	El café cuesta un euro.
other / another	otro
I want another coffee.	Quiero otro café.
Do you have another book?	¿Tienes otro libro?
I'll go another day.	Voy otro día.
to sell	vender
The shop sells old books.	La tienda vende libros viejos.
I am selling my car.	Vendo mi coche.
Do you sell bread?	¿Vendéis pan?
to change / to exchange, to swap (one thing for another)	cambiar
Can I change the money here?	¿Puedo cambiar el dinero aquí?
I want to exchange the book.	Quiero cambiar el libro.
to go shopping	ir de compras
On Saturdays I go shopping.	Los sábados voy de compras.
to do the grocery shopping	hacer la compra
I do the grocery shopping at the supermarket.	Hago la compra en el supermercado.
My mother does the grocery shopping on Mondays.	Mi madre hace la compra los lunes.
the shopping centre	el centro comercial
Shall we go shopping at the shopping centre?	¿Vamos de compras al centro comercial?
The shopping centre is very big.	El centro comercial es muy grande.

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