To know (saber vs. conocer)

Saber: Facts and Skills

In English, we use "to know" for everything. Spanish divides "knowing" into two different verbs depending on what you know.

Use saber when you know a fact, a piece of information, or how to do something. To express a skill, place an infinitive verb right after it (for example, saber nadar means "to know how to swim").

SubjectSaber (to know facts/skills)
yo
sabes
él, ella, ustedsabe
nosotrossabemos
ellos, ellas, ustedessaben
Who knows the address of the new hotel?
¿Quién sabe la dirección del hotel nuevo?
Do you know how to drive in the city?
¿Sabes manejar en la ciudad?

Conocer: Familiarity

Use conocer to say you are familiar or acquainted with a person, a place, or a specific thing (like a book, a movie, or a song).

When using conocer to say you know a person, remember to use the "personal a" right before the person's noun (e.g., conozco a un actor).

SubjectConocer (to know people/places)
yoconozco
conoces
él, ella, ustedconoce
nosotrosconocemos
ellos, ellas, ustedesconocen
I know a very famous actor from Mexico.
Conozco a un actor muy famoso de México.
You sing very well, but you do not know that song.
Ustedes cantan muy bien, pero no conocen esa canción.

Saber and Conocer Together

Notice how saber handles information and skills, while conocer expresses familiarity with people and places.

I do not know the city and I do not know the address.
No conozco la ciudad y no sé la dirección.
I know the truth because I know your family.
Sé la verdad porque conozco a tu familia.
I do not know how to swim, but I know a fun place.
No sé nadar, pero conozco un lugar divertido.