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### Defying expectations with *para*

To express that something defies expectations for its category, use **para** (for) followed by a noun or an infinitive.

Use **para** + noun to establish a baseline for comparison.

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You can also use **para** followed by an infinitive, like **ser** (to be) or **tener** (to have). The **para** phrase can appear at the end of the sentence or at the beginning.

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Standards of expectation (para)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

expression

interjection

noun

numeral

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (yo soy)

Noun gender and definite articles (el, la)

Basic sentences and negation (no)

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Formal and informal you (tú vs. usted)

Plural pronouns and the verb to be (somos, son)

Making nouns plural (-s, -es)

Plural articles (los, las, unos, unas)

Noun gender exceptions

Adjective agreement

Invariable adjectives

State and location (estar)

Ser vs. estar

There is / there are (hay)

Hay vs. estar

To have (tener)

Possession (de)

Possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su)

Regular -ar verbs

Yes/No questions

What and who (qué, quién)

Regular -er verbs

Regular -ir verbs

Asking where (dónde, adónde)

How, when, and why (cómo, cuándo, por qué)

How much and how many (cuánto)

Days of the week

Going to a place (ir a)

Preposition contractions (al, del)

In and by (en)

With me and with you (conmigo, contigo)

Prepositional pronouns (mí, ti)

Conjunctions (y, o, pero)

Giving reasons (porque)

Stem-changing verbs (e to ie)

Stem-changing verbs (o to ue)

Stem-changing verbs (e to i)

Irregular yo forms (hago, salgo)

To know (saber vs. conocer)

Weather expressions (hace, está)

Desires and plans (querer)

Ability and requests (poder)

Obligations (tener que)

Expressing likes (me gusta)

Plural likes (me gustan)

Verbs like gustar (encantar, doler)

Very vs. a lot (muy, mucho)

Numbers 0 to 15 (cero, uno, dos…)

Numbers 16 to 31 (dieciséis, veinte…)

Numbers 30 to 1000 (treinta, cien, mil)

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo)

Seasons and dates (el dos de mayo)

Telling time (es la..., son las...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero, segundo, tercero)

Reflexive pronouns and verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

The present continuous (estar + -ando, -iendo)

Near demonstrative adjectives (este, esta, estos, estas)

Medium demonstrative adjectives (ese, esa, esos, esas)

Comparatives of inequality (más / menos ... que)

Comparatives of equality (tan ... como)

Indefinite and negative pronouns (algo, nada, alguien, nadie)

Affirmative commands

Far demonstratives (aquel, aquella)

Possessive pronouns (el mío, el tuyo)

Shortened indefinite adjectives (algún, ningún)

Adverbs of quantity (demasiado, bastante)

Adverbs of frequency (a menudo, a veces)

Adverb formation (-mente)

Exclamations (¡Qué...!)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Relative superlatives (el más... de)

Adjective intensification (-ísimo)

Indirect object pronouns

Pronoun placement with infinitives

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

The 'se lo' rule (se lo, se la)

Impersonal statements (se)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Personal obligation (deber)

Starting actions (empezar a)

Finishing and quitting actions (terminar de, dejar de)

Repeating actions (volver a)

Continuing actions (seguir + gerundio)

Question	Answer
puppet	el títere
tiny	diminuto
This puppet is very heavy for a tiny toy.	Este títere es muy pesado para un juguete diminuto.
lightweight	liviano
sturdy	robusto
For being made of wood, ours is very lightweight and sturdy.	Para ser de madera, el nuestro es muy liviano y robusto.
marionette	la marioneta
joint	la articulación
This marionette has few joints for its size.	Esta marioneta tiene pocas articulaciones para su tamaño.
realistic	realista
expressive	expresivo
For being a puppet, it is very realistic and expressive.	Para ser un títere, es muy realista y expresivo.
manageable	manejable
string	el cordel
Yours is manageable for having so many strings.	El tuyo es manejable para tener tantos cordeles.
For having a single string, the marionette moves well.	Para tener un solo cordel, la marioneta se mueve bien.
It is very manageable for being so tiny.	Es muy manejable para ser tan diminuto.
What you build is sturdy for being so lightweight.	Lo que construyes es robusto para ser tan liviano.
The hand joint is very realistic for an old toy.	La articulación de la mano es muy realista para un juguete viejo.
The face is very expressive for being made of wood.	La cara es muy expresiva para ser de madera.
His is a very complex puppet for a beginner.	El suyo es un títere muy complicado para un principiante.