Resulting states (dejar + participle)

The Aftermath: Dejar + Participle

To express the state in which an object is left after an action, use dejar (to leave) followed by a direct object and a past participle.

In this structure, the past participle acts as an adjective describing the object, so it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies.

The contractor left the whole room messed up.
El contratista dejó todo el cuarto desordenado.

For regular -ar verbs like embarrar (to smear) or rayar (to scratch), drop the -ar and add -ado.

The painter left the white baseboard smeared.
El pintor dejó el zócalo blanco embarrado.
I used the sandpaper because they left the furniture's finish scratched.
Usé la lija porque dejaron el acabado del mueble rayado.

Always match the participle's ending to the object being described—whether it is feminine like la ventana (the window) or masculine like el esmalte (the enamel).

The wall was uneven and they left the window cracked.
La pared estaba desigual y dejaron la ventana agrietada.
No matter how careful they were, they left the new enamel cracked.
Por más que tuvieron cuidado, dejaron el esmalte nuevo agrietado.
The thing is that they left the sandpaper stained on the uneven floor.
Es que dejaron la lija manchada en el piso desigual.