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### Exclaiming Quantity with Nouns

To exclaim about the quantity of something—such as how many petals a flower has or how much aroma a bouquet gives off—we use **¡cuánto!**. When placed right before a noun, it must match that noun in gender and number (**cuánta**, **cuántos**, or **cuántas**).

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### Exclaiming Intensity with Verbs

To emphasize *how much* an action is happening, use **¡cuánto!** alongside a verb. Because it modifies a verb instead of a noun in these cases, it always stays in its invariable default form (**cuánto**).

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If you want to focus on *the way* or *the extent to which* an action happens—like how beautifully a sunflower blooms or how fast a plant withers—use **¡cómo!** plus a verb. It translates naturally to "How...!" in English.

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Exclamatory degree (¡cuánto!, ¡cómo!)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

expression

interjection

noun

numeral

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and 'to be' (el, la, soy)

Masculine and feminine pairs (el hermano, la hermana)

Basic sentences and negation (no)

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Formal and informal you (tú vs. usted)

Plural pronouns and the verb to be (somos, son)

Making nouns plural (-s, -es)

Plural articles (los, las, unos, unas)

Noun gender exceptions

Adjective agreement

Invariable adjectives

State and location (estar)

Ser vs. estar

There is / there are (hay)

Hay vs. estar

To have (tener)

Possession (de)

Possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su)

Regular -ar verbs

Yes/No questions

What and who (qué, quién)

Regular -er verbs

Regular -ir verbs

Asking where (dónde, adónde)

How, when, and why (cómo, cuándo, por qué)

How much and how many (cuánto)

Days of the week

Going to a place (ir a)

Preposition contractions (al, del)

In and by (en)

With me and with you (conmigo, contigo)

Prepositional pronouns (mí, ti)

Conjunctions (y, o, pero)

Giving reasons (porque)

Stem-changing verbs (e to ie)

Stem-changing verbs (o to ue)

Stem-changing verbs (e to i)

Irregular yo forms (hago, salgo)

To know (saber vs. conocer)

Weather expressions (hace, está)

Desires and plans (querer)

Ability and requests (poder)

Obligations (tener que)

Expressing likes (me gusta)

Plural likes (me gustan)

Verbs like gustar (encantar, doler)

Very vs. a lot (muy, mucho)

Numbers 0 to 15 (cero, uno, dos…)

Numbers 16 to 31 (dieciséis, veinte…)

Numbers 30 to 1000 (treinta, cien, mil)

Months of the year (enero, febrero, marzo)

Seasons and dates (el dos de mayo)

Telling time (es la..., son las...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero, segundo, tercero)

Reflexive pronouns and verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

The present continuous (estar + -ando, -iendo)

Near demonstrative adjectives (este, esta, estos, estas)

Medium demonstrative adjectives (ese, esa, esos, esas)

Comparatives of inequality (más / menos ... que)

Comparatives of equality (tan ... como)

Indefinite and negative pronouns (algo, nada, alguien, nadie)

Affirmative commands

Far demonstratives (aquel, aquella)

Possessive pronouns (el mío, el tuyo)

Shortened indefinite adjectives (algún, ningún)

Adverbs of quantity (demasiado, bastante)

Adverbs of frequency (a menudo, a veces)

Adverb formation (-mente)

Exclamations (¡Qué...!)

Irregular comparatives (mejor, peor, mayor, menor)

Relative superlatives (el más... de)

Adjective intensification (-ísimo)

Indirect object pronouns

Pronoun placement with infinitives

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

The 'se lo' rule (se lo, se la)

Impersonal statements (se)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Personal obligation (deber)

Starting actions (empezar a)

Finishing and quitting actions (terminar de, dejar de)

Repeating actions (volver a)

Continuing actions (seguir + gerundio)

Question	Answer
to bloom	florecer
the sunflower	el girasol
How the sunflowers bloom!	¡Cómo florecen los girasoles!
the petal	el pétalo
the daisy	la margarita
How many white petals this daisy has!	¡Cuántos pétalos blancos tiene esta margarita!
the aroma	el aroma
the bouquet	el ramo
How much aroma this bouquet has!	¡Cuánto aroma tiene este ramo!
to sprout	brotar
The flower had just sprouted; how it grows!	La flor acababa de brotar; ¡cómo crece!
I doubt that the sunflower has bloomed; how much it rains!	Dudo que el girasol haya florecido; ¡cuánto llueve!
the thorn	la espina
the greenhouse	el invernadero
How many thorns this tree in the greenhouse has!	¡Cuántas espinas tiene este árbol del invernadero!
How the flowers sprout in the greenhouse!	¡Cómo brotan las flores en el invernadero!
How much I like the aroma of that bouquet!	¡Cuánto me gusta el aroma de ese ramo!
I had just looked at the daisy; how many petals it lost!	Yo acababa de mirar la margarita; ¡cuántos pétalos perdió!
to wither	marchitarse
How this plant withers!	¡Cómo se marchita esta planta!
How many daisies sprout in your garden!	¡Cuántas margaritas brotan en tu jardín!
How much the thorn hurts!	¡Cuánto duele la espina!
How the bouquet withers without water!	¡Cómo se marchita el ramo sin agua!