Background context with participles

Background Context with Participles

To establish the background for an action, start a clause with a past participle. This translates roughly to "Once [something] was done" or "With [something] done."

Once the chicken was seasoned with garlic, my husband cooked dinner.
Sazonado el pollo con ajo, mi esposo cocinó la cena.

In these clauses, the participle always comes before the noun and acts like an adjective, matching it in gender and number.

With the side dish prepared, she took the meat out of the oven.
Preparada la guarnición, ella sacó la carne del horno.
Once the mushrooms were drained, I added them to the salad.
Escurridos los champiñones, los añadí a la ensalada.

This structure is perfect for describing step-by-step processes, like cooking, where one action finishes before the next begins.

With the fish marinated in garlic, we put it in the pan.
Marinado el pescado con ajo, lo pusimos en la sartén.

To describe multiple completed steps, you can chain these clauses together.

With the cheese grated and the parsley chopped, the chef finished preparing the soup.
Rallado el queso y cortado el perejil, el chef terminó de preparar la sopa.