Breakdown of Мощность нового двигателя превышает норму: она в два раза выше.
она
she / it (for a feminine noun)
новый
new
два
two
раз
time, occasion
выше
taller / higher
двигатель
engine
норма
norm
в
by (a factor of)
мощность
capacity
превышать
to exceed
Questions & Answers about Мощность нового двигателя превышает норму: она в два раза выше.
How does the multiplicative comparison в два раза выше work in this sentence?
This is the standard way to say "X times more [adjective]" in Russian. You use the preposition в + the accusative number (два) + the word for "time" (раз) + the comparative adjective (выше). Because the number is 2, раз takes the genitive singular form раза. If it were 5 times higher, it would be в пять раз выше using the genitive plural.
Why is the pronoun она used to mean "it" in the second half of the sentence?
Она refers back to the subject of the first clause, мощность (capacity/power). Since мощность is a feminine noun (as are almost all abstract nouns ending in -сть), it must be replaced by the feminine pronoun она, even though it translates to the gender-neutral "it" in English.
What case does the verb превышать take, and why do we see норму here?
The verb превышать (to exceed) takes a direct object in the accusative case, exactly like its English equivalent. Therefore, the feminine noun норма (norm/standard) changes its ending to -у to become the accusative норму.
Could I use the word мощность to talk about a person's physical strength?
No, мощность is strictly used for mechanical power, electrical output, or the capacity of machines, like the engine (двигатель) in this sentence. If you want to talk about physical human strength or force, you should use the word сила.
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