Questions & Answers about Из-за опилок я не вижу пола под пилой.
Why is the word for "sawdust" written as опилок here?
The base word is опилки (sawdust), which is a "plural-only" noun in Russian. The preposition из-за (because of) always forces the noun into the Genitive case. To form the Genitive plural of опилки, we drop the final vowel, leaving the "zero-ending" form опилок.
Why is the word for "floor" in the Genitive case (пола) instead of the Accusative (пол)?
This is an example of the "Genitive of Negation." When a verb is negated, like не вижу (I don't see), the direct object often takes the Genitive case instead of the Accusative. This is highly common with verbs of perception (like seeing or hearing) to emphasize that you don't see any of the object at all.
Are опилок (sawdust) and пилой (saw) related words?
Yes, they share the same root: пил- (related to sawing). Пила is a saw, and опилки literally translates to the bits that get sawn off. Paying attention to these shared roots is a great way to lock in new vocabulary at this level!
Why does под (under) take the Instrumental case (пилой) here?