Breakdown of Фрукты там, на столе.
стол
table / desk
там
there
на
on, at / by (transport) / to (a place) / to (in answer to)
фрукт
fruit
Questions & Answers about Фрукты там, на столе.
Why does фрукты end in -ы?
Фрукты is the plural of фрукт (fruit). To make a regular masculine noun that ends in a consonant plural, you just add -ы to the end.
Where is the word for "are" in this sentence?
In Russian, the present tense of the verb "to be" (am, is, are) is almost always skipped. The literal translation is simply "Fruits there, on table."
Why is it на столе instead of just на стол?
Стол is the dictionary word for "table". Because we are describing a location (where the fruits are resting), we use the Prepositional case. For most masculine nouns, this means adding an -е to the end, making it столе.
How do we know it means "The fruits" and not just "Fruits"?
Russian does not use articles like "a" or "the". You have to figure it out from the context. Since the sentence points out exactly where these specific fruits are located, "The fruits" is the most natural translation in English.
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