The Passive Agent
In a passive sentence, the subject receives the action. To mention who actually performed it—the agent—Romanian uses the preposition de or de către (by).
| by (agent) | de către |
De and de către are interchangeable for the passive agent. De către is specific to this structure, while de has many other meanings (like of or from).
| The work is created by a genius. | Opera este creată de către un geniu. |
| The king's symphony is composed by a genius. | Simfonia regelui este compusă de un geniu. |
The noun following the preposition stays in its standard dictionary form.
Pronouns as the Agent
You can also use pronouns to state who performed the action. For most pronouns (el, ea, noi, voi, ei, ele), the forms used after de or de către look identical to the subject pronouns you already know.
| The monument is designed by her and created by him. | Monumentul este proiectat de către ea și creat de către el. |
| The museum's masterpiece is restored by us. | Capodopera muzeului este restaurată de către noi. |
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