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### Berries and Comparisons

Summer is the perfect time to visit the farmers' market for fresh berries. Let's start with the strawberry (**căpșuna**) and the raspberry (**zmeura**).

To say that two things are equal in a certain quality (like "as sweet as"), use the phrase **la fel de** followed by the adjective, and then **ca**.

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### Blueberries, Blackberries, and Plurals

You might also find the blueberry (**afina**) and the blackberry (**mura**). When talking about them in general or as "the blueberries", their plural definite forms end in **-le** (**afinele**, **murele**).

To ask or state if something is *less* of a certain quality *than* something else, use **mai puțin** before the adjective, followed by **decât**. 

Remember that adjectives must always match the noun in gender and number. For example, the masculine singular adjective **zemos** (juicy) becomes **zemoase** for feminine plural nouns like berries.

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### Summer Fruits and Flavors

Other popular summer fruits include the melon or watermelon (**pepenele**), the apricot (**caisa**), the plum (**pruna**), and the sour cherry (**vișina**).

Just like with plural adjectives, singular adjectives must match their noun's gender. The masculine/neuter **acru** (sour) becomes **acră** for feminine nouns, and **zemos** becomes **zemoasă**.

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### Emphasizing with Conjunctions

To group items together and say "both [A] and [B]", use the phrase **atât [A], cât și [B]**.

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Conversely, to say "neither [A] nor [B]", use **nici [A], nici [B]**. Because Romanian uses double negation, the main verb of the sentence must also be negative (preceded by **nu**).

Finally, to add extra emphasis to a negative statement and say "not at all", use the word **deloc** after the verb.

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Summer Berries and Fruits

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Question	Answer
the strawberry	căpșuna
the raspberry	zmeura
The strawberry is as sweet as the raspberry.	Căpșuna este la fel de dulce ca zmeura.
the blueberry	afina
We no longer have fresh blueberries in the kitchen.	Nu mai avem afine proaspete în bucătărie.
the blackberry	mura
juicy	zemos
Why are blackberries less juicy than blueberries?	De ce sunt murele mai puțin zemoase decât afinele?
the melon	pepenele
the apricot	caisa
Choose a watermelon and two apricots for dessert!	Alegeți un pepene verde și două caise pentru desert!
the plum	pruna
the sour cherry	vișina
The child ate a plum and a sour cherry.	Copilul a mâncat o prună și o vișină.
sour	acru
The sour cherry is a very sour fruit.	Vișina este un fruct foarte acru.
They will eat both raspberries and apricots.	Vor mânca atât zmeură, cât și caise.
The strawberry is juicy, but the sour cherry is sour.	Căpșuna este zemoasă, dar vișina este acră.
We have two melons. The green one is very juicy.	Avem doi pepeni. Cel verde este foarte zemos.
I bought neither blueberries nor blackberries.	Nu am cumpărat nici afine, nici mure.
This apricot is not sour at all.	Această caisă nu este deloc acră.
The market where plums are sold is nearby.	Piața unde se vând prune este aproape.
I liked the strawberries and the melon very much.	Mi-au plăcut foarte mult căpșunile și pepenele.
Take the blackberries and the blueberries to the kitchen!	Du murele și afinele la bucătărie!