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### Fresh Fruit

Let's head to the market for some healthy produce. In Romanian, adjectives usually come *after* the noun they describe, and they must agree with the noun's gender and number. For example, with the neuter noun **fructul** (the fruit), we use the masculine/neuter forms of adjectives like **proaspăt** (fresh) and **gustos** (tasty).

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### Vegetables and Plurals

Next up are vegetables. The word for "the vegetable" is the feminine noun **leguma**, and the word for "the potato" is the masculine noun **cartoful**. 

When talking about multiple items in their definite form ("the vegetables", "the potatoes"), the feminine plural ending is typically **-le** (**legumele**), and the masculine plural ending is **-i** (**cartofii**).

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### Making a Salad

To make a fresh meal, you might prepare a salad. Here we use feminine nouns like **salata** (the salad), **roșia** (the tomato), and **ceapa** (the onion). Notice how the indefinite article for feminine nouns is **o** (a/an).

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### Flavorful Roots and "It"

To add flavor to your cooking, you can use **usturoi** (garlic) and **morcovi** (carrots).

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When you want to replace a noun with "it", Romanian uses different direct object pronouns depending on the noun's gender. Use **îl** for masculine and neuter nouns (like *morcovul*), and **o** for feminine nouns (like *salata*). These short pronouns are placed right *before* the verb.

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Fruits and Vegetables

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Past tense with reflexive verbs (m-am, s-a)

Question	Answer
the fruit	fructul
fresh	proaspăt
I buy the fresh fruit from the market.	Eu cumpăr fructul proaspăt din piață.
tasty	gustos
The fruit is very tasty.	Fructul este foarte gustos.
the vegetable	leguma
The woman buys the fresh vegetables.	Femeia cumpără legumele proaspete.
the potato	cartoful
The child does not eat the vegetables and the potatoes.	Copilul nu mănâncă legumele și cartofii.
The potato is big and tasty.	Cartoful este mare și gustos.
the salad	salata
the tomato	roșia
She makes a salad with the tomatoes from the garden.	Ea face o salată cu roșiile din grădină.
You eat the fresh salad.	Tu mănânci salata proaspătă.
the onion	ceapa
I buy a tomato and an onion.	Eu cumpăr o roșie și o ceapă.
the garlic	usturoiul
I do not put onion and garlic in the food.	Eu nu pun ceapă și usturoi în mâncare.
The food with garlic is very tasty.	Mâncarea cu usturoi este foarte gustoasă.
the carrot	morcovul
We put the carrots and the potatoes on the plate.	Noi punem morcovii și cartofii pe farfurie.
Where is the carrot? I am looking for it in the kitchen.	Unde este morcovul? Îl caut în bucătărie.
The salad is here. I eat it now.	Salata este aici. O mănânc acum.
the (bell) pepper	ardeiul
The pepper is red.	Ardeiul este roșu.
I am buying a pepper and an onion.	Cumpăr un ardei și o ceapă.
the cucumber	castravetele
The salad has tomatoes and cucumbers.	Salata are roșii și castraveți.
The cucumber is fresh.	Castravetele este proaspăt.
the pear	para
The pear is tasty.	Para este gustoasă.
I want a pear and an apple.	Vreau o pară și un măr.
the banana	banana
The child is eating a banana.	Copilul mănâncă o banană.
Bananas cost five lei a kilogram.	Bananele costă cinci lei kilogramul.
the orange	portocala
The oranges are fresh.	Portocalele sunt proaspete.
I have three oranges.	Am trei portocale.

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