Learn Portuguese (Portugal): A senhora não é alta.

In Portugal, a senhora (literally 'the lady') is used as a polite, formal way to say 'you' when speaking to a woman. You would use this when talking to an older woman, a customer, or someone you do not know well.

Why do we use é (is) if the translation says 'You are'?

Even though a senhora means 'you' in this context, grammatically it acts like 'she'. Because of this, it uses the 'he/she' form of verbs. So, instead of using the informal 'you' verb form (tu és), we use the formal 3rd-person form (a senhora é).

Where does the word for 'not' (não) go in a negative sentence?

In Portuguese, making a sentence negative is very straightforward. You simply place não directly before the verb. So, while 'you are' is a senhora é, 'you are not' becomes a senhora não é.

Why is the word for tall alta instead of alto?

Adjectives in Portuguese must match the gender of the person they describe. Because a senhora refers to a female, the adjective must also be in its feminine form, which usually ends in an 'a' (alta).