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Portuguese (Portugal)

### The Verb "Ter" (To Have)

The irregular verb **ter** (to have) is used to talk about things you own. 

| Pronoun | Conjugation |
| --- | --- |
| eu | **tenho** |
| tu | **tens** |
| ele / ela / você | **tem** |
| nós | **temos** |
| eles / elas / vocês | **têm** |

Notice that the third-person singular form is **tem**, while the plural adds a circumflex accent: **têm**.

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To ask "how many," use **quanto**. It changes its ending to match the gender and number of the noun it describes (like **quantos problemas**).

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### Expressing Age

In Portuguese, you don't say you *are* a certain age; instead, you say you *have* years. To ask or talk about age, use **ter** followed by the number of years (**anos**).

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The verb to have (tenho, tem)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Already and not yet (já, ainda não)

Question	Answer
how much / how many	quanto
the year	o ano
How old are you?	Quantos anos tens?
How many problems do they have?	Quantos problemas têm eles?
eleven	onze
You are eleven years old.	Tu tens onze anos.
twelve	doze
We have eleven books and twelve pens.	Nós temos onze livros e doze canetas.
They have twelve notebooks in the bedroom.	Elas têm doze cadernos no quarto.
fourteen	catorze
The house has fourteen bedrooms.	A casa tem catorze quartos.
I do not have fourteen cars!	Eu não tenho catorze carros!
fifteen	quinze
The boy is fifteen years old.	O rapaz tem quinze anos.
She has fifteen friends.	Ela tem quinze amigos.
sixteen	dezasseis
Do you have sixteen cats?	Vocês têm dezasseis gatos?
We have sixteen keys in the office.	Nós temos dezasseis chaves no escritório.
seventeen	dezassete
The girl is seventeen years old.	A rapariga tem dezassete anos.
eighteen	dezoito
The student is eighteen years old.	O aluno tem dezoito anos.
They are seventeen years old, but they are eighteen.	Elas têm dezassete anos, mas eles têm dezoito anos.
nineteen	dezanove
He is nineteen years old.	Ele tem dezanove anos.
Do you have nineteen books?	O senhor tem dezanove livros?
twenty	vinte
I am twenty years old.	Eu tenho vinte anos.
No, I have twenty books.	Não, eu tenho vinte livros.
thirteen	treze
The boy is thirteen years old.	O rapaz tem treze anos.
We have thirteen pens in the drawer.	Nós temos treze canetas na gaveta.