Regular Past Participles
To describe the physical condition of an object or person, you can often turn an action verb into an adjective by creating a past participle.
For regular verbs, the rules are simple:
- Drop the -ar ending and add -ado (e.g., preparar becomes preparado).
- Drop the -er or -ir ending and add -ido (e.g., partir becomes partido).
Because these participles describe a temporary physical state resulting from a past action, they are paired with the verb estar.
Since they function as adjectives, the -o ending changes to match the gender and number of the noun being described (-a, -os, -as).
| When the manager does the inspection, everything is tidy. | Quando o gerente faz a inspeção, tudo está arrumado. |
| Your living room is not prepared for the inspection. | A vossa sala não está preparada para a inspeção. |
| The curtains are closed and the door is locked. | As cortinas estão fechadas e a porta está trancada. |
Notice how -ir participles also adapt to the nouns they modify:
| The window glass is broken! | O vidro da janela está partido! |
| The garage is not locked because the lock is broken. | A garagem não está trancada porque a fechadura está partida. |
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