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Portuguese (Portugal)

### From sick to sickness

*doente* you have known since A1. The noun is **a doença** — the illness: {{item:1052275}}

**comum** itself is the everyday "common, ordinary" — you already met its negation *incomum*. **a idade** is the age: *Que idade tens?* is the everyday way to ask (beside *Quantos anos tens?*).

### The senses, when they fail

| word | meaning |
|---|---|
| **surdo** | deaf |
| *cego* (known) | blind |

{{item:1052282}}

Both double as figures of speech: *cego de raiva* — blind with rage; *surdo aos conselhos* — deaf to advice.

### o humor

**o humor** is both humour and mood: *estar de bom humor / de mau humor* — to be in a good / bad mood; *ter sentido de humor* — to have a sense of humour.


A saúde e a pessoa (a doença, a idade)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
the illness, the disease	a doença
He suffers from a rare disease.	Ele sofre de uma doença rara.
common, ordinary	comum
The flu is a common illness in winter.	A gripe é uma doença comum no inverno.
It is a very common surname in Portugal.	É um apelido muito comum em Portugal.
We have friends in common.	Temos amigos em comum.
the age	a idade
How old is your daughter?	Que idade tem a tua filha?
I am too old for these parties.	Já não tenho idade para estas festas.
deaf	surdo
My grandfather is almost deaf.	O meu avô está quase surdo.
The loud music left me deaf.	A música alta deixou-me surda.
the humour; the mood	o humor
The boss is in a bad mood today.	O chefe está de mau humor hoje.
She has a great sense of humour.	Ela tem um ótimo sentido de humor.

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