Breakdown of Marku, dlaczego gwiżdżesz na niego? On cię denerwuje?
on
he / it (m)
na
on, at / to (motion toward) / for (a meal) / for (waiting for)
dlaczego
why
cię
you (sg.)
niego
him, it (after a preposition)
Marek
Mark
gwizdać
to whistle
denerwować
to annoy
Questions & Answers about Marku, dlaczego gwiżdżesz na niego? On cię denerwuje?
Why do we use niego here instead of go or jego?
Because it follows a preposition (na). Whenever a third-person pronoun like on is used right after a preposition, it must take its special n-form. The normal accusative for 'him' is go (or the emphasized jego), but after a preposition, it must become niego.
Why does the second sentence use cię instead of ciebie?
Cię is the short, unstressed clitic form of ty in the accusative case. Because there is no preposition before it and the word 'you' does not carry special emphasis in this context, the standard clitic cię is the natural choice.
The dictionary form of the verb 'to whistle' is gwizdać. Why does it look so different as gwiżdżesz?
Gwizdać undergoes a consonant shift in the present tense. The consonant cluster zd changes to żdż, so the conjugation becomes ja gwiżdżę, ty gwiżdżesz.
Why is it Marku instead of Marek at the start of the sentence?
Because the speaker is addressing him directly, which requires the Vocative case. For masculine names ending in -ek like Marek, the e drops out and the ending becomes -u, giving us Marku.
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