Breakdown of Czekamy na wizę, aż konsulat wyda decyzję.
na
on, at / to (motion toward) / for (a meal) / for (waiting for)
czekać
to wait
decyzja
decision
wiza
visa
Questions & Answers about Czekamy na wizę, aż konsulat wyda decyzję.
What is the difference between using aż here instead of dopóki nie?
While both can translate to 'until', aż focuses heavily on the final result or endpoint of the action. It is almost like saying 'we are waiting up to the exact moment they issue it.' Also, notice that aż is used with the affirmative verb wyda, whereas dopóki usually requires a negative structure like dopóki nie wyda.
Why is wyda translated as the present tense 'issues' if it is a future tense verb in Polish?
English grammar uses the present tense after time words like 'until'. However, Polish uses the future tense here because the action has not happened yet and will be a completed, one-time event. Wyda comes from the perfective verb wydać, meaning its present-tense conjugation actually expresses the future.
Why do we say na wizę instead of just using the direct object wizę?
In Polish, the verb czekać (to wait) always pairs with the preposition na plus the accusative case to show what you are waiting for. Because wiza (visa) is a feminine noun, the ending changes from -a to -ę, giving us na wizę.
I have seen wydać used to mean 'to spend'. How does it mean 'issues' here?