Breakdown of Od starożytności do współczesności ludzie kochają sztukę.
ludzie
people
kochać
to love
sztuka
art
do
to
od
from
starożytność
the antiquity
współczesność
the present day
Questions & Answers about Od starożytności do współczesności ludzie kochają sztukę.
Why do both time periods end in -ści in this sentence?
The prepositions od (from) and do (to) both require the Genitive case. The dictionary forms of these words are starożytność (antiquity) and współczesność (modernity). They are feminine nouns ending in -ść, and a very regular rule in Polish is that these change to -ści in the Genitive.
Why does Polish use the present tense kochają when the English translation says "have loved"?
In Polish, if an action started in the past and continues into the present, you just use the present tense. Because people started loving art in antiquity and still love it today, Polish uses the present tense kochają. English requires the present perfect tense ("have loved") for this, which often trips up English speakers!
Współczesności looks like a huge, intimidating word. How can I break it down to remember it?
It helps to look at the parts! The core is czas (time). The prefix współ- means "together" or "co-" (like in współpracować, to cooperate), making the adjective współczesny (contemporary, sharing the same time). Finally, the suffix -ość turns it into the noun współczesność (the present day / modernity).
Does the od... do... (from... to...) structure work the same way for physical distances?
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