Jego matka urodziła się w tysiąc dziewięćset pięćdziesiątym roku.

Questions & Answers about Jego matka urodziła się w tysiąc dziewięćset pięćdziesiątym roku.

Why do we say tysiąc dziewięćset but then change the ending for pięćdziesiątym?
In Polish, years are read as a mix of regular counting numbers and order-based (ordinal) numbers. The thousands and hundreds stay as normal, unchanging numbers (tysiąc dziewięćset = one thousand nine hundred). Only the tens and units are treated as ordinal numbers (like "the fiftieth"). So literally, this reads as "in the one thousand nine hundred fiftieth year".
Why does the word for "fiftieth" end in -ym (pięćdziesiątym) and why is it roku?
To say something happened in a specific year, we use the preposition w followed by the Locative case. The base phrase for "the fiftieth year" is pięćdziesiąty rok. In the Locative case, the masculine adjective ending -y changes to -ym, and the noun rok takes its irregular Locative form roku.
Why do we need the word się in urodziła się?
The verb urodzić simply means "to give birth". To say someone "was born" in Polish, you must use the reflexive form urodzić się (literally: "to give birth to oneself"). Since matka (mother) is feminine, the past tense form is urodziła się.
Matka is feminine, so shouldn't Jego have a feminine ending to match?
No, jego (his) is simply the "of him" form of the pronoun on (he). Unlike words like mój (my) or twój (your), which act like adjectives and change their endings to match the noun they describe, jego never changes. It is exactly the same whether you are talking about his mother (jego matka) or his father (jego ojciec).

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