Breakdown of Chłopiec rysował różnymi kredkami i ołówkami.
i
and
chłopiec
boy
ołówek
pencil
różny
various
rysować
to draw
kredka
the crayon
Questions & Answers about Chłopiec rysował różnymi kredkami i ołówkami.
Why is the word for with missing in the Polish sentence?
When you do something using a tool or instrument, Polish uses the Instrumental case on its own. You only add the word z meaning with when you are doing something together with someone or something else as a companion.
What is the rule for plural noun endings in the Instrumental case?
The standard ending for almost all plural nouns in the Instrumental case is -ami. You can see this here on both the feminine noun kredkami from kredka and the masculine noun ołówkami from ołówek. This makes the plural much simpler than the singular, because this ending works for all genders.
How did the adjective różny change to match the plural nouns?
Adjectives in the Instrumental plural take the ending -ymi or -imi. In this sentence, the adjective różny meaning various or different becomes różnymi. Just like the plural noun endings, this adjective ending is exactly the same for all genders.
Why did the letter e disappear in the word ołówkami?
The dictionary form of the word for pencil is ołówek. When Polish adds endings to words that end in -ek, the last e usually drops out. This is a very common pattern called the mobile e. Because of this rule, the word becomes ołówkiem in the singular Instrumental and ołówkami in the plural.
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