Breakdown of Żołnierze strzelają na wojnie.
na
on, at / to (motion toward) / for (a meal) / for (waiting for)
żołnierz
soldier
wojna
the war
strzelać
to shoot (imperfective; perfective strzelić)
Questions & Answers about Żołnierze strzelają na wojnie.
Why do we use na here instead of w for "in war"?
In Polish, wojna (war) is treated as an event, a state, or an open concept rather than a physical, enclosed space. Because of this, it takes the preposition na instead of w. You see this same logic in phrases describing events or conditions, like na imprezie (at a party) or na urlopie (on leave).
What case is wojnie, and why does the ending change?
It is in the locative case, which is required here by the preposition na to show a state or location. The base dictionary word is wojna. For feminine nouns ending in -na, the locative changes the ending to -nie, which softens the n into an ni sound.
Why does the plural of żołnierz end in -e (żołnierze) instead of -i or -owie?
Żołnierz is a masculine personal noun (it refers to a male person) that ends in the historically soft consonant rz. Masculine personal nouns ending in soft or historically soft consonants almost always take the -e ending in the nominative plural. You can see the exact same pattern in words like lekarz becoming lekarze (doctors) or nauczyciel becoming nauczyciele (teachers).
Could we use a perfective verb here instead of the imperfective ?