Breakdown of Rozbudowa infrastruktury w państwie Polska jest bardzo droga.
być
to be
bardzo
very
drogi
expensive
w
in / on (a day)
Polska
Poland
państwo
state, country (a political unit)
infrastruktura
infrastructure
rozbudowa
expansion
Questions & Answers about Rozbudowa infrastruktury w państwie Polska jest bardzo droga.
Why is it Polska here instead of Polsce after w państwie?
This highlights the main rule for countries. While cities and rivers match the case of their generic noun (like w mieście Krakowie), countries paired with words like państwo (country or state) stay in the Nominative case. So it remains Polska even though państwie is in the Locative case.
Could I just say w Polsce instead of w państwie Polska?
Yes, absolutely! Saying w Polsce is much more common in everyday speech. The phrase w państwie Polska sounds very formal and administrative, which perfectly fits this context of discussing national infrastructure budgets.
Why is infrastruktury in the Genitive case?
It translates to the expansion of infrastructure. The noun rozbudowa (expansion) requires the Genitive case for the thing being expanded.
Why does the sentence end with the feminine adjective droga when państwo is neuter?
The adjective droga (expensive) describes the grammatical subject of the sentence, which is rozbudowa (expansion). Since rozbudowa is a feminine noun, the adjective must match it.
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