From
from (+ Genitive) z
| Where are you from? — I am from Poland. | Skąd jesteś? — Jestem z Polski. |
| I am coming back from work. | Wracam z pracy. |
You already know z meaning with. The case tells them apart: z + Instrumental is with (z bratem), z + Genitive is from (z Polski).
Countries
| country | from ... |
|---|---|
| Polska | z Polski |
| England | Anglia | z Anglii |
| America | Ameryka | z Ameryki |
| Ukraine | Ukraina | z Ukrainy |
| Germany | Niemcy | z Niemiec |
Most country names are feminine and take the -i / -y Genitive you know from do Polski. Niemcy (Germany) is a plural word — learn z Niemiec as a set form.
| She is from England. | Ona jest z Anglii. |
| My friend is from Germany. | Mój kolega jest z Niemiec. |
ze
Before a word starting with s-, z-, sz- or ś-, z becomes ze for pronunciation:
| We are coming back from school. | Wracamy ze szkoły. |
The three directions
| question | preposition | example |
|---|---|---|
| Gdzie? (where) | w / na + Locative | w Polsce |
| Dokąd? (where to) | do + Genitive | do Polski |
| Skąd? (where from) | z + Genitive | z Polski |
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