Three words you already know — in their other sense
rząd is a row (rząd krzeseł) — and the government. The political sense declines rządu, rządowi, rządem, o rządzie.
| The government announced a new plan. | Rząd ogłosił nowy plan. |
państwo is the formal ladies and gentlemen / you — and the state, the country as a political unit: państwo polskie, państwa Unii Europejskiej.
pokój is a room — and peace, the opposite of wojna.
| Everyone wants peace, not war. | Wszyscy chcą pokoju, nie wojny. |
Power and parties
władza — power, authority; in the plural, władze — the authorities. partia — a political party. wojsko — the army: być w wojsku (to be in the army).
| This party won the elections. | Ta partia wygrała wybory. |
Conflict
protest — a protest: protest przeciwko + Dative.
walka — fight, struggle — and the verb walczyć: walczyć z + Instrumental (against something), walczyć o + Accusative (for something — the card you met earlier).
| Doctors fight the disease. | Lekarze walczą z chorobą. |
zginąć — to die, to perish (in an accident, in a war) — the perfective of ginąć; ofiara — victim, and also sacrifice.
| Two people died in the accident. | W wypadku zginęły dwie osoby. |
State as condition
stan — state, condition: stan zdrowia (state of health), w dobrym stanie (in good condition), and in history stan wojenny (martial law).
