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### Fruit

**{{item:982713}}** banana, **{{item:982716}}** pear, **{{item:982719}}** grape (usually plural: winogrona).

### Treats

**{{item:982722}}** — *ice cream* — is always plural in Polish: *Lody są pyszne.* **{{item:982724}}** is a sweet, a piece of candy.

### Drinking

**{{item:982727}}** — *a drink, beverage*; **{{item:982730}}** — *a mug*: *kubek herbaty* — a mug of tea.

### At the table

**{{item:982733}}** — *delicious*. And before eating, Poles wish each other **{{item:982737}}** — *enjoy your meal!* There is no real English equivalent; say it whenever anyone starts eating.

Fruit and treats (owoce i słodycze)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Question	Answer
banana	banan
The banana is yellow.	Banan jest żółty.
I eat a banana for breakfast.	Jem banana na śniadanie.
pear	gruszka
This pear is very good.	Ta gruszka jest bardzo dobra.
I bought pears and bananas.	Kupiłam gruszki i banany.
grape	winogrono
Grapes are expensive.	Winogrona są drogie.
Do you like green grapes?	Lubisz zielone winogrona?
ice cream (plural noun)	lody
The children are eating ice cream in the park.	Dzieci jedzą lody w parku.
sweet, piece of candy	cukierek
I have sweets for the children.	Mam cukierki dla dzieci.
Children like sweets.	Dzieci lubią cukierki.
drink, beverage	napój
What drink do you like?	Jaki napój lubisz?
The cold drinks are in the kitchen.	Zimne napoje są w kuchni.
mug	kubek
I drink tea from a big mug.	Piję herbatę z dużego kubka.
This is my new mug.	To jest mój nowy kubek.
delicious	pyszny
The ice cream is delicious.	Lody są pyszne.
Lunch was delicious!	Obiad był pyszny!
This soup is delicious.	Ta zupa jest pyszna.
enjoy your meal!	smacznego
Enjoy your meal! Thank you.	Smacznego! Dziękuję.
We are having lunch. Enjoy!	Jemy obiad. Smacznego!

Contributors