Causative verbs (sprawiać, że)

Making things happen: sprawiać, że

In English, we use "make" plus an object and an infinitive (for example, "The medication makes the patient sleep"). Polish instead uses a structure that translates literally to "The medication makes that the patient sleeps."

To describe an action or event that triggers a secondary result, use the causative verb sprawiać (to cause / to make), followed immediately by the conjunction że (that) and a full subordinate clause.

Use the imperfective form sprawiać to talk about general, ongoing, or repeated effects—such as the regular side effects of a pill.

Completed results: sprawić, że

When referring to a one-time completed event or an outcome that has already been achieved, use the perfective equivalent sprawić.

Because sprawić usually describes a completed action, you will frequently see it in the past tense. Remember that the verb must agree in gender with the subject causing the event (for example, a masculine noun takes sprawił, while a feminine noun takes sprawiła).

Discussing bodily reactions

This "cause and effect" structure is very natural for discussing how diseases or treatments affect the body, including symptoms like sweating (pocić się) or gaining weight (tyć).

Because the second half of the sentence is a completely new grammatical clause, simply conjugate the symptom verb to match whoever is experiencing the reaction.