Korean

QuestionAnswer
(As for me) I am eating Kimbap.저는 김밥을 먹어요.jeoneun gimbabeul meogeoyo.
Jeoneun kimbabeul meogeoyo.
(As for us) we drink beer.우리는 맥주를 마셔요.urineun maekjureul masyeoyo.
Urineun maegjureul masyeoyo.
(as for/concerning) you (all) / everybody여러분은yeoreobuneun
yeoreobu-neun
(Topic marking particle after vowels)neun
a Chinese중국 사람jungguk saram
a dreamkkum
a lot of많이manhi
a stick막대makdae
age나이nai
airport공항gonghang
kong-hang
All hell breaks lose / there is a big fuss / everyone goes crazy난리가 나요.nanriga nayo.
America미국miguk
America
미국
영국
중국
태국
한국
miguk
yeongguk
jungguk
taeguk
hanguk
an American미국 사람miguk saram
and (in order to connect two sentences)-고go
There are various 'and's' for various purposes. So this one is not meant for 'salt and pepper' but for connecting entire sentences 'I want salt and I want also pepper.'
Arabic아랍어arabeo
Are you from Thailand?태국 사람이에요?taeguk saramieyo?
Are you home Yujin ? (female name)유진 씨, 집에 있어요?yujin ssi, jibe isseoyo?
Yujin Shi jib-e isseoyo?
as for me / as far as I am concerned / I저는jeoneun
As for me bugs are not tasty.저는 벌레가 맛없어요.jeoneun beollega maseobseoyo.
Jeoneun peolle-ga mat-eobseoyo.
At home I listen to the radio.집에서 라디오를 들어요.jibeseo radioreul deureoyo.
Jib-e-seo radio-reul teureoyo.
Australia호주hoju
bag가방gabang
kabang
ballgong
kong
banana바나나banana
bank은행eunhaeng
barba
basket바구니baguni
beer맥주maekju
maegju
behind뒤에dwie
belly, tummybae
birdsae
birdsae
Birds don't drink tea.새는 차를 못 마셔요.saeneun chareul mos masyeoyo.
Sae-neun cha-reul mot mash(y)eoyo.

Why 'mot' ? Wouldn't that translate to 'Birds CAN'T drink tea ? Indeed, it would. But that is actually the hidden meaning of the statement. I don't want to say that there was beer and tea and for some reasons the birdies preferred the beer and neglected my Earl Grey... In Korean it feels better to use 'mot' here.

Let's give you another example of a mistake English speakers are bound to do.

If someone said something and you didn't hear it well... If you say: 'Sorry, I DIDN'T hear you' (in Korean of course) - it would sound very impolite. It would give the impression you never wanted to listen anyway. Whereas 'I COULDN'T hear you.' would convey the message, that there was so much noise or the speaker's voice was too soft... but you really wanted to hear the message.

Anyway I'll teach you that sentence later in Korean. As for now just listen well :D

bookchaek
bookchaek
box상자sangja
bridge다리dari
but하지만hajiman
but하지만hajiman
butterfly나비nabi
can'tmos
mot is directly attached (prefixed) when used with 하다 however it remains detached from other verbs.
cell phone핸드폰haendeupon
Did you notice the words hand and phone in there?
child아이ai
China중국jungguk
China
중국
태국
한국
미국
영국
jungguk
taeguk
hanguk
miguk
yeongguk
country나라nara
country; land나라nara
cowso
cucumber오이oi
o-i
Do butterflies eat sugar?나비는 설탕을 먹어요?nabineun seoltangeul meogeoyo?
nabineun seoltangeul meogeoyo?
Do you eat potatoes or rice?감자를 또는 밥을 먹어요?gamjareul ttoneun babeul meogeoyo?
kamjareul ttoneun pabeul meogeoyo?
doggae
don't /notan
an stands directly before the verb it negates.
Egyptians speak Arabic.이집트 사람은 아랍어 말해요.ijipteu sarameun arabeo malhaeyo.
England영국yeongguk
Englishman영국 사람yeongguk saram
Enjoy your meal ! Bon appetit! (Lit. I will eat well.)잘 먹겠습니다jal meokgessseupnida
speak: Jal meogesseumnida, the combination ㅂ+ ㄴ (b+n) is pronounced as: mn.
exercise (sport)운동undong
fiveo
flowerkkot
food음식eumsik
eum-shik
fox여우yeou
France프랑스peurangseu
France is a country.프랑스는 나라예요peurangseuneun narayeyo
Frenchman프랑스 사람peurangseu saram
Germany독일dogil
grass, herbs, small green plantspul
handson
he holds and...들고deulgo
-고 (and) links two verbs or entire sentences together
head; hair머리meori
horsemal
house; homejip
How about you, Sujin?수진 씨는요?sujin ssineunyo?
Sujin shineun-yo?
Ijeo
I informalna
I am a Turk.터키 사람이에요.teoki saramieyo.
You might say: 저는 터키 사람이에요. But normally the person is detected from the context. So 'Jeo-neun' would only be needed if several persons are contrasted: He is Japanese, she is British and I am a Turk. He said that he is a Turk, but that is wrong, I am a Turk. etc.
I am at school.학교에 있어요.hakgyoe isseoyo.
Hak-kyo-e isseoyo.
I am at the park.공원에 있어요.gongwone isseoyo.
Kongwon-e isseoyo.
I am at the shop.가게에 있어요.gagee isseoyo.
Kage-e isseoyo.
I am at the shop.가게에 있어요.gagee isseoyo.
Kage-e isseoyo.
I am at the swimming pool.수영장에 있어요.suyeongjange isseoyo.
Suyeongjang-e isseoyo.
I am at the theater. ( movie theater)극장에 있어요.geukjange isseoyo.
Keukjang-e isseoyo.
I am home.집에 있어요.jibe isseoyo.
Jib-e isseoyo.
I buy사요sayo
I buy tea at the shop.가게에서 차을 사요.gageeseo cha-eul sayo.
Kage-e-seo cha-eul sayo.
I can't come.못 와요.mos wayo.
Mot wayo. ('s' at syllable end is pronounced 't')
I can't eat tomatoes.토마토를 못 먹어요.tomatoreul mos meogeoyo.
Tomato-reul mot meogeoyo.
I can't sing.노래를 못해요.noraereul moshaeyo.
Noraereul mot-haeyo.
I don't come.안 와요.an wayo.
I don't drink tea at all.차를 전혀 안 마셔요.chareul jeonhyeo an masyeoyo.
Chareul jeonhyeo an mash(y)eoyo.
I don't eat potatoes at all.감자를 전혀 안 먹어요.gamjareul jeonhyeo an meogeoyo.
Kamjareul jeonhyeo an meogeoyo.
I don't go on a date.데이트를 안 해요.deiteureul an haeyo.
I don't study at all.공부를 전혀 안 해요.gongbureul jeonhyeo an haeyo.
Kongbureul jeonhyeo an haeyo.
I eat a lot of meat고기를 많이 먹어요.gogireul manhi meogeoyo.
Kogireul manhi meogeoyo.
I eat cheese and I drink milk.치즈를 먹어고 우유를 마셔요.chijeureul meogeogo uyureul masyeoyo.
Did you notice, the first verb lost its 'yo' and the 'yo' of the second verb counts for both verbs.
I exercise / I work out운동해요undonghaeyo
I exercise at the park.공원에서 운동해요.gongwoneseo undonghaeyo.
Kongwon-e-seo undong-haeyo.
I go home.집에 가요.jibe gayo.
Jib-e kayo.
I go to school.학교에 가요.hakgyoe gayo.
Hak-kyo-e kayo.
I go to the park.공원에 가요.gongwone gayo.
Kongwon-e kayo.
I go to the shop.가게에 가요.gagee gayo.
Kage-e kayo.
I go to the shop.가게에 가요.gagee gayo.
Kage-e kayo.
I go to the swimming pool.수영장에 가요.suyeongjange gayo.
Suyeongjang-e kayo.
I go to the theater. (movie theater)극장에 가요.geukjange gayo.
Keukjang-e kayo.
I have a newspaper.(저는) 신문이 있어요.(jeoneun) sinmuni isseoyo.
(Jeo-neun) shinmun-i isseoyo.
I have a radio.(저는) 라디오가 있어요.(jeoneun) radioga isseoyo.
(Jeo-neun) radio-ga isseoyo.
I listen들어요deureoyo
teureoyo
I love Kimchi!김치를 사랑해요!gimchireul saranghaeyo!
This is more a literal translation of an English sentence, which somehow managed to sneak into Korean. However the more natural way to say this would be: Kimchi-reul joh-a-haeyo. ( I like Kimchi.)
I love you!사랑해요saranghaeyo
It is probably not the term you might use towards your girlfriend. You might rather say saranghae without yo. But this might be an insult to a person you are not close enough... So be careful. As for the pronouns (I /you) you don't need them in Korean, so since we didn't see them yet, me too, I will drop them.
I often do my hair.머리를 자주 해요.meorireul jaju haeyo.
I often eat bananas.바나나를 자주 먹어요.bananareul jaju meogeoyo.
Pananareul jaju meogeoyo.
I often go shopping.쇼핑을 자주 해요.syopingeul jaju haeyo.
shopping-eul jaju haeyo.
I often swim.수영을 자주 해요.suyeongeul jaju haeyo.
I often take showers.샤워를 자주 해요.syaworeul jaju haeyo.
shaworeul jaju haeyo.
I see a bird.새를 봐요.saereul bwayo.
Sae-reul pwayo.
I see a bird. Junseo can't see the bird.저는 새를 봐요. 준서 씨는 새를 못봐요.jeoneun saereul bwayo. junseo ssineun saereul mosbwayo.
Jeo-neun sae-reul pwayo. Junseo shi-neun sae-reul mot-pwayo.
I see a lot of food.음식을 많이 봐요.eumsigeul manhi bwayo.
Eumshig-eul manhi pwayo.
I study at school.학교에서 공부해요.hakgyoeseo gongbuhaeyo.
Hak-kyo-e-seo kongbu-haeyo.
I swim at the swimming pool.수영장에서 수영을 해요.suyeongjangeseo suyeongeul haeyo.
Suyeongjang-e-seo suyeong-eul haeyo.
I swim.수영해요suyeonghaeyo
I watch a movie at the (movie) theater.극장에서 영화를 봐요.geukjangeseo yeonghwareul bwayo.
Keukjang-e-seo yeonghwa-reul pwayo.
I watch a movie.영화를 봐요.yeonghwareul bwayo.
Yeonghwa-reul pwayo.
in front of앞에ape
inside안에ane
inside속에soge
inside a mass/soup/mixture or inside something abstract like a dream : 속레 - soge
inside the bag가방 안에gabang ane
inside the house집 안에jip ane
inside the mud진흙 소게jinheulg soge
iron for pressing clothes다리미darimi
Is kimchi delicious?김치 맛있어요?gimchi masisseoyo?
kimchi mashisseoyo ?
Is the book in the bag ?책이 가방에 있어요?chaegi gabange isseoyo?
Chaeg-i kabang-e isseoyo?
It is a newspaper.신문이에요.sinmunieyo.
shinmun-i-e-yo
It is a radio.라디오예요.radioyeyo.
radio-yeyo
Italy is a country too.이탈리아도 나라예요.italliado narayeyo.
Japan일본ilbon
kimchi김치gimchi
kim-chi
Korea한국hanguk
Korea is on the map.한국이 지도에 있어요.hangugi jido-e isseoyo.
I don't use 'wi-e' here. It is not as if I said, there is a sandwich laying on top of the map. :D
leg다리dari
Let's fix a meal!밥해요!baphaeyo!
Paphaeyo! Could also translate to:

Let's cook rice!

map지도jido
market; marketplace시장sijang
shi-jang
married couple부부bubu
Meat고기gogi
kogi
milk우유uyu
mousejwi
mouthip
movie영화yeonghwa
mud진흙jinheulg
Nationality국적gukjeok
newspaper신문sinmun
Remember si is pronounce 'she'

shin-mun

next to옆에yeope
no아니요aniyo
No. It is in the box.아니요 상자에 있어요.aniyo sangja-e isseoyo.
Aniyo. Sangja-e isseoyo.
noodles국수guksu
kug-su
not at all전혀 안jeonhyeo an
not tasty / taste bad맛없어요maseobseoyo
mat-eobseoyo
now지금jigeum
object particle after a consonant-을eul
object particle after vowel-를reul
often자주jaju
on top of위에wie
on top of the table탁자 위에takja wie
Ooh here is the cat.오 여기 고양이가 있어요.o yeogi goyangiga isseoyo.
or또는ttoneun
pearbae
pepper후추huchu
Pepper or salt ?후추 또는 소금?huchu ttoneun sogeum?
person사람saram
pibimbap비빔밥bibimbap
pibimbap
pig돼지dwaeji
place; (used as suffix)jang
plural markerdeul
potato감자gamja
kamja
radio라디오radio
radio라디오radio
radishmu
raincoat우비ubi
really정말jeongmal
restaurant식당sikdang
shik-tang
ricebap
pap
Rice or noodles?밥 또는 국수?bap ttoneun guksu?
pap ttoneun kuksu ?
right now지금 바로jigeum baro
jigeum paro
Right now I am at the shop.지금 바로 가게에 있어요.jigeum baro gagee isseoyo.
Jigeum paro kage-e isseoyo.
roombang
Russia러시아reosia
salt소금sogeum
school학교hakgyo
Hak-kyo
sea바다bada
Seoul is in Korea.서울이 한국에 있어요.seouri hanguge isseoyo.
shipbae
shop, store가게gage
ka-ge
soap비누binu
song노래norae
Spain스페인seupein
stationyeok
studies공부gongbu
kongbu
suddenly갑자기gapjagi
Suddenly there comes a fox.갑자기 여우가 와요.gapjagi yeouga wayo.
sugar설탕seoltang
Sugar or salt?설탕 또는 소금?seoltang ttoneun sogeum?
Sujin is eating potatoes. I eat rice.수진 씨는 감자를 먹어요. 저는 밥을 먹어요.sujin ssineun gamjareul meogeoyo. jeoneun babeul meogeoyo.
Sujin shi-neun kamja-reul meogeoyo. Jeo-neun pab-eul meogeoyo.
swimming수영suyeong
swimming pool수영장suyeongjang
table탁자takja
Thailand태국taeguk
The bag is under the table.가방이 탁자 밑에 있어요.gabangi takja mite isseoyo.
The bird eats the worm. I can't eat worms.새가 벌레를 먹어요. 저는 벌레를 못 먹어요.saega beollereul meogeoyo. jeoneun beollereul mos meogeoyo.
Sae-ga peolle-reul meogeoyo. Jeo-neun peolle-reul mot meogeoyo.
The bird is singing.새가 노래해요.saega noraehaeyo.
The bird sees the worm, but doesn't eat it.새가 벌레를 봐요 하지만 안 먹어요.saega beollereul bwayo hajiman an meogeoyo.
Sae-ga peolle-reul pwayo hajiman an meogeoyo.
The bird sees the worm. The worm can't see the bird.새가 벌레를 봐요. 벌레는 새를 못 봐요.saega beollereul bwayo. beolleneun saereul mos bwayo.
Sae-ga peolle-reul pwayo. Peolle-neun sae-reul mot pwayo.

Sae-ga I used the Subject marker here. It is a simple statement. The bird sees the worm. I might have equally used the topic marker 'Sae-neun' but I am not obliged. However for the second sentence about the worm, I am changing topics. We are no longer speaking of what birds see. I need to mark the worm as my new topic! peolle-neun.

The book is on the table.책이 탁차 위에 있어요.chaegi takcha wie isseoyo.
The cat dreams of a mouse거양이가 쥐를 꿈꿔요.geoyangiga jwireul kkumkkwoyo.
꿈꾸어요 kkumkku-eo-yo is also a possible form but 꿈꿔요 kkumku-weo-yo seems so much more palatable...
The cat has a dream.고양이는 꿈이 있어요.goyangineun kkumi isseoyo.
The cat is in the bag.고양기가 가방 안에 있어요.goyanggiga gabang ane isseoyo.
The cat is inside a basket.고양이는 바구니 안에 있어요.goyangineun baguni ane isseoyo.
The cat is inside the house.고양이는 집 안에 있어요.goyangineun jip ane isseoyo.
The cat sleeps.고양이가 자여.goyangiga jayeo.
the chickens닭들dalgdeul
The chickens eat worms.닭은 벌레를 먹어요.dalgeun beollereul meogeoyo.
The chickens panic.닭들이 당황해요.dalgdeuri danghwanghaeyo.
The cow eats grass.소는 풀을 먹어요.soneun pureul meogeoyo.
The cow is next to the horse.소는 말 옆에 있어요.soneun mal yeope isseoyo.
The desk is at school.책상은 학교에 있어요?chaeksangeun hakgyoe isseoyo?
The dog barks.개는 짖어요.gaeneun jijeoyo.
The dog can't play.개는 못 놀아요.gaeneun mos norayo.
The dog guards the house.개가 집을 지킨어요.gaega jibeul jikineoyo.
The dog is in front of the house.개는 집 앞에 있어요.gaeneun jip ape isseoyo.
the farm농장nongjang
the farmer농부nongbu
The farmer comes with a stick in his hand.농부가 손에 막대를 들고 와요.nongbuga sone makdaereul deulgo wayo.
lit. The farmer holds a stick in his hand and comes.
The farmer holds a stick in his hand.농부가 손에 막대를 들어요.nongbuga sone makdaereul deureoyo.
The fox escapes with a chicken in his mouth.여우가 닭을 입에 들고 탈출어요.yeouga dalgeul ibe deulgo talchureoyo.
lit. The fox holds a chicken in his mouth and escapes.
The fox escapes.여우가 탈출해요.yeouga talchulhaeyo.
The fox holds a chicken in his mouth.여우가 닭을 입에 들어요.yeouga dalgeul ibe deureoyo.
The fox wants to eat a chicken.여우는 닭을 먹고 싶어요.yeouneun dalgeul meokgo sipeoyo.
The horse is behind the house.말은 집 뒤에 있어요.mareun jip dwie isseoyo.
The house is in Seoul.집이 서울에 있어요.jibi seoure isseoyo.
The map is on the desk.지도기 책상 위에 있어요.jidogi chaeksang wie isseoyo.
The mouse is in the dream.쥐가 꿈 속에 있어요.jwiga kkum soge isseoyo.
The pig is also next to the horse, but it is inside the mud.돼지도 말 옆에 있어요 하지만 진흙 속에 있어요.dwaejido mal yeope isseoyo hajiman jinheulg soge isseoyo.
There certainly is a more elegant way to describe the situation, but I am trying to keep it simple for now.
The pig is also next to the horse.돼지도 말 옆에 있어요.dwaejido mal yeope isseoyo.
The pig is inside the mud.돼지가 진흙 속에 있어요.dwaejiga jinheulg soge isseoyo.
The pig plays.돼지는 놀아요.dwaejineun norayo.
irregular verb
The room is in the house.방이 집에 있어요.bangi jibe isseoyo.
The table is in the room.탁자가 방에 있어요.takjaga bange isseoyo.
방 안에 would be correct too, but that is more precision than actually needed. 'Inside the room' vs 'in the room'. So if I had to insist that the table is inside and not outside I would use 'pang an-e'
theater / movie theater극장geukjang
keukjang
There are also chickens in front of the house.집 앞에도 닭이 있어요.jip apedo dalgi isseoyo.
there is있어요isseoyo
isseoyo
There is a bird in the tree.나무에 새가 있어요.namue saega isseoyo.
There is a butterfly on the flower.꽃 위에 나비가 있어요.kkot wie nabiga isseoyo.
There is a newspaper.신문은 있어요.sinmuneun isseoyo.
Shinmun-eun isseoyo.
There is a radio.라디오는 있어요.radioneun isseoyo.
radio-neun isseoyo
There is also a horse.말도 있어요.maldo isseoyo.
도 do. after a noun = also the noun

개도 = also the dog

2x or more 도 = Noun 1 as well as Noun 2 and noun 3...

고양이도 개도 말도 = the cat as well as the dog and the horse

They don't go.안 가요.an gayo.
An kayo.
thisi
this (thing)이것igeos
This meat is delicious.이 고기 맛있어요.i gogi masisseoyo.
i kogi mashisseoyo.
to ... (preposition)e
preposition
to attend e.g. school / work다니다danida
to bark짖다jitda
to be이다ida
to be delicious맛있다masissda
masshita - (s at end of word /last syllable becomes 't'; this is also the case before the infinitive ending '-da' where -s-da turns into 'ta')
to be not아니다anida
to buy사다sada
to come오다oda
to dream of꿈꾸다kkumkkuda
to drink마시다masida
ma-shi-da
to eat먹다meokda
to escape탈출하다talchulhada
to exercise / to work out (sport)운동하다undonghada
to get off; to disembark; to dismount내리다naerida
to go가다gada
kada
to guard지킨다jikinda
to hold들다deulda
to listen듣다deutda
teutta
to look at, to behold보다boda
to panic당황하다danghwanghada
to play놀다nolda
to sleep자다jada
to study공부하다gongbuhada
kongbuhada
to tie; to knot매다maeda
Topic marking particle (after consonants)eun
topic particle (after a consonant)eun
train 기차gicha
ki-cha
train station, railway station기차역gichayeok
ki-cha-yeok
tree나무namu
tree; wood (material)나무namu
Türkiye
터키
독일
베트남
핀란드
teoki
dogil
beteunam
pinrandeu
under (a)아래arae
under (m)밑에mite
under (m) the table탁자 밑에takja mite
under the table탁자 아래takja arae
uproar /fuss/ disaster/chaos난리nanri
Note that the combination of n-r/l is pronounced as 'll'
watermul
we우리uri
We often go to the swimming pool.수영장에 자주 가요.suyeongjange jaju gayo.
Suyeong-jang-e jaju kayo.
whatmwo
mweo
What do you guys eat?여러분은 무엇을 먹어요?yeoreobuneun mueoseul meogeoyo?
Yeoreobun-eun mueos-eul meogeoyo?
when it comes to us/ as for us / we우리는urineun
where어디eodi
Where is the desk?책상 어디에 있어요?chaeksang eodie isseoyo?
Where are you now?지금 어디에 있어요?jigeum eodie isseoyo?
Jigeum eodi-e isseoyo?
Where are you, Minji?민지 씨 어디에 있어요?minji ssi eodie isseoyo?
Minji Shi eodi-e isseoyo?

In spoken language the 'ga' (subject marker) is often dropped. This sentence is clearly a spoken sentence...

Where are you? Where is it?어디에 있어요?eodie isseoyo?
Eodi-e isseoyo?
Where is Korea?한국 어디에 있어요?hanguk eodie isseoyo?
Where is Minji ?민지 씨가 어디에 있어요?minji ssiga eodie isseoyo?
Minji Shi-ga eodi-e isseoyo?
Where is my cell phone?핸드폰이 어디에 있어요?haendeuponi eodie isseoyo?
Haendeupon-i eodi-e isseoyo?

Lit. Where is the cell phone ? - 'My' is just deduced from the context.

Where is Russia?러시아는 어디에 있어요?reosianeun eodie isseoyo?
Where is Seoul?서울은 어디에 있어요?seoureun eodie isseoyo?
Where is the bag?가방은 어디에 있어요?gabangeun eodie isseoyo?
Where is the book?책이 어디에 있어요?chaegi eodie isseoyo?
Where is the cat?고양이는 어디에 있어요?goyangineun eodie isseoyo?
Where is the house?집은 어디에 있어요?jibeun eodie isseoyo?
Where is the map?지도는 어디에 있어요?jidoneun eodie isseoyo?
Where is the room?방은 어디에 있어요?bangeun eodie isseoyo?
Where is the table?탁자는 어디에 있어요?takjaneun eodie isseoyo?
which어느eoneu
Which country어느 나라eoneu nara
Which country is Egypt?어느 나라 이집트예요?eoneu nara ijipteuyeyo?
who누구nugu
Who is Australian?누구 호주 사람이에요?nugu hoju saramieyo?
wife아내anae
worm / bug벌레beolle
Worms are not tasty.벌레는 맛없어요.beolleneun maseobseoyo.
Peolle-neun mat-eobseoyo.
Worms don't eat pizza. (Worms can't eat pizza.)벌레는 피자를 못 먹어요.beolleneun pijareul mos meogeoyo.
Peolle-neun pija-reul mot meogeoyo.

I might be wrong with that statement :D

yesne
yesne
Yes, it is really delicious.네, 정말 맛있어요.ne, jeongmal masisseoyo.
ne, jeongmal mashisseoyo.
Yes, that is right.네 맞아요.ne majayo.
Ne majayo.

Learn this line. You will hear it a lot.

Yes, that is right. I am home.네 맞아요. 집에 있어요.ne majayo. jibe isseoyo.
Ne majayo. Jibe isseoyo.
you (all) / everyone여러분yeoreobun
You don't eat.안 먹어요.an meogeoyo.