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<p>
	In this lesson you will learn the sentences in the table below.
	Above the <strong>kanji</strong> are some <strong>hiragana</strong> that show how the kanji is pronounced.
</p>

<p>
	Since you don't know all hiragana characters yet, you can also see a <strong>romanization</strong> below the Japanese sentences.
	When asked to translate an English sentence into Japanese while practicing, you can write in the latin alphabet using this romanization.
</p>

<table class="ui fixed celled table">
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>English</th>
			<th>Japanese</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr data-item="24015"></tr>
		<tr data-item="25220"></tr>
		<tr data-item="25221"></tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<h4>The verb "To be"</h4>

<p>
	The verb <strong>to be</strong> is <strong>です</strong> in Japanese.
	As you can see in the example sentences, verbs come at the end of the sentence.
	<strong>です</strong> is the neutral/formal form of <strong>to be</strong>.
	Later in this course, you will learn how to speak in a more casual way.
</p>

<h4>Omission of the subject</h4>

<p>
	In Japanese, the subject is often omitted.
	In the Japanese translations, the English word <strong>it</strong> cannot be found.
</p>

<h4>Articles</h4>

<p>
	Note that the word <strong>a</strong> is not translated into Japanese.
	Japanese does not have articles like <strong>the</strong>, <strong>a</strong> and <strong>an</strong> in English.
</p>

The verb to be

hiragana character

kanji

adnominal

adverb

auxiliary

conjunction

compound

i-adjective

interjection

noun

na-adjective

numeral

particle

case particle

conjunctive particle

discourse particle

prefix

pronoun

suffix

verb

sentence

hiragana writing

kanji writing

kanji component

reading vocabulary

katakana writing

katakana character

godan - group 1

itidan - group 2

group 3

transitive

intransitive

proper noun

discourse

phrase

expression

adjectival noun

adverbial phrase

adjectival phrase

Hiragana 1

Kanji 1

Writing hiragana 1

Writing kanji 1

Hiragana 2

Kanji 2

The question particle か

Writing hiragana 2

This one and that one

Writing kanji 2

Reading exercise 1

Reading exercise 2

Hiragana 3

Negating nouns

Writing hiragana 3

The topic particle は

Kanji 3

The possession particle の

い-adjectives and な-adjectives

The subject particle が

Here and there

There is, there are

Writing kanji 3

Kanji 4

Group 1 verbs, direct and indirect objects

Group 2 verbs

Hiragana 4

Verbs in the past tense

Negating verbs

Invitations and the particle と

Negating past verbs

Writing hiragana 4

Reading exercise 3

Writing kanji 4

Reading exercise 4

Kanji 5

Nouns and the past tense

This and that

The group 3 verbs する and 来る

The discourse particles ね and よ

The location particles に and で

Hiragana 5

Writing hiragana 5

Writing kanji 5

The destination particles に and へ

Kanji 6

The origin particle から

Hiragana 6

Relative positions

Conjugating い-adjectives

Writing hiragana 6

Writing kanji 6

Hiragana 7

Writing hiragana 7

Kanji 7

Conjugating な-adjectives

How are you?

The particle も

The word ちょっと

Reading exercise 7

Katakana 1

Question	Answer
mountain	山やまyama
to be	ですdesu
It's a mountain.	山やま　です。yama desu.
tree; wood	木きki
It's a tree.	木き　です。ki desu.
person	人ひとhito
It's a person.	人ひと　です。hito desu.

Japanese 3 - The verb to be

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