Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Verbs with -isc-

While some -ire verbs are completely regular, many belong to a special group that inserts -isc- between the stem and the ending. This happens in all singular forms (io, tu, lui / lei / Lei) and the third-person plural (loro).

The noi and voi forms do not get the extra -isc-; they behave exactly like regular -ire verbs.

PronounEndingExample: capire (to understand)
io-iscocapisco
tu-iscicapisci
lui / lei / Lei-iscecapisce
noi-iamocapiamo
voi-itecapite
loro-isconocapiscono
I understand everything right away.
Capisco tutto subito.
Why don't you understand the problem?
Perché non capisci il problema?
The child does not understand everything.
Il bambino non capisce tutto.

Other common -isc- verbs

This is a very common pattern in Italian. Other important -isc- verbs include finire (to finish), pulire (to clean), preferire (to prefer), and spedire (to send).

I finish dinner immediately.
Finisco la cena subito.
When does the lesson finish?
Quando finisce la lezione?
We are leaving now, but they are finishing dinner.
Partiamo ora, ma loro finiscono la cena.
He eats, and I clean the table.
Lui mangia e io pulisco il tavolo.
Does she prefer tea or coffee?
Lei preferisce il tè o il caffè?
Do you send the letter today?
Spedisci la lettera oggi?