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In Italian, when you state an opinion, a judgment, or a necessity using an impersonal expression (a phrase starting with "it is..."), use the subjunctive mood for the action that follows.

### Necessity and Importance
The most common impersonal expressions use the structure **è** + [adjective] + **che** (it is [adjective] that). Expressions like **è necessario che** (it is necessary that) and **è importante che** (it is important that) trigger the subjunctive because they express a requirement rather than a concrete fact.

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### Essential and Serious Matters
Other adjectives work exactly the same way. In emergencies, you might use **fondamentale** (essential) to stress a critical action, or **grave** (serious) to express concern.

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### Asking Questions
To ask questions, keep the impersonal phrase before **che** and the subjunctive, often following a question word like **perché** (why).

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Subjunctive with impersonal expressions (è importante che…)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
necessary	necessario
alarm	l'allarme
It is necessary that the alarm works well.	È necessario che l'allarme funzioni bene.
emergency	l'emergenza
It is an emergency and it is important that you are here.	È un'emergenza ed è importante che tu sia qui.
to evacuate	evacuare
It is necessary that people evacuate the building.	È necessario che la gente evacui il palazzo.
earthquake	il terremoto
to maintain / to keep (preserve, support)	mantenere
calm (noun)	la calma
After the earthquake, it is important that everyone keeps calm.	Dopo il terremoto, è importante che tutti mantengano la calma.
fundamental / essential	fondamentale
supply / stock	la scorta
It is essential that you have a supply of water.	È fondamentale che tu abbia una scorta d'acqua.
safety / security	la sicurezza
For your safety, it is necessary that you go out.	Per la tua sicurezza, è necessario che tu esca.
It is essential that nobody loses their calm.	È fondamentale che nessuno perda la calma.
It is important that you think about your safety.	È importante che voi pensiate alla vostra sicurezza.
Why is it necessary that the alarm works?	Perché è necessario che l'allarme funzioni?
It is essential that nobody evacuates the house alone.	È fondamentale che nessuno evacui la casa da solo.
It is important that nothing is missing in the supply.	È importante che non manchi niente nella scorta.
It is serious that accidents happen in an emergency.	È grave che succedano incidenti in un'emergenza.
For this emergency, it is necessary that you prepare something.	Per questa emergenza, è necessario che voi prepariate qualcosa.
It is essential that you respect the safety rules.	È fondamentale che tu rispetti le regole di sicurezza.
Why is it important that we keep a supply of food?	Perché è importante che teniamo una scorta di cibo?
It is fundamental that you keep calm when there is an earthquake.	È fondamentale che tu mantenga la calma quando c'è un terremoto.