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### Until next time

You can open a conversation — *buongiorno*, *buonasera*, *salve* — and close one with *ciao* or *arrivederci*. This lesson adds the partings Italians actually trade at the door: the ones that say **when** you will meet again, and the one that says you never will.

### A + a time = see you then

**A** plus a time word promises a next meeting:

| phrase | you will meet again... |
|---|---|
| {{item:849985}} | later today |
| {{item:849982}} | tomorrow |
| {{item:849979}} | soon, whenever that is |

{{item:849983}}

### Parting wishes

*Buongiorno* and *buonasera* greet; their sisters {{item:849988}} and {{item:849991}} say goodbye — literally *have a good day / evening*. The **-ata** forms (*giornata*, *serata*) see the day as a stretch of time to be enjoyed, not a point on the clock. Shopkeepers send you off with them all day long; the natural reply is *grazie* — often with the wish returned.

{{item:849989}}

### The final goodbye

{{item:849994}} is the farewell that expects **no** next meeting — the goodbye of break-ups, emigrations and opera. Between *a presto* and *addio* lies the whole distance between *see you soon!* and *farewell forever*, so in daily life it is said only in jest — or very seriously indeed.

Saying goodbye (a presto!)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
see you soon	a presto
"Goodbye, doctor!" "See you soon, madam!"	Arrivederci, dottore! A presto, signora!
Bye, grandma! See you soon!	Ciao, nonna! A presto!
see you tomorrow	a domani
Good night, mom! See you tomorrow!	Buonanotte, mamma! A domani!
"Goodbye, see you tomorrow!" "Yes, see you tomorrow!"	Arrivederci, a domani! Sì, a domani!
see you later	a dopo
I am at the office now. See you later!	Sono in ufficio ora. A dopo!
Bye, guys! See you later!	Ciao, ragazzi! A dopo!
have a nice day	buona giornata
"Have a nice day, madam!" "Thanks, have a nice day!"	Buona giornata, signora! Grazie, buona giornata!
Goodbye and have a nice day, doctor!	Arrivederci e buona giornata, dottore!
have a nice evening	buona serata
"Have a nice evening, doctor!" "Thank you, have a nice evening!"	Buona serata, dottoressa! Grazie, buona serata!
Goodbye, gentlemen! Have a nice evening!	Arrivederci, signori! Buona serata!
farewell (final goodbye)	addio
It is not a see-you-again, it is a farewell.	Non è un arrivederci, è un addio.
"Farewell, miss!" "Farewell!"	Addio, signorina! Addio!

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