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Italian possessive adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they describe (the thing being owned), not the owner. They also almost always require a definite article.

### Masculine Plural Possessives

Masculine plural possessives pair with masculine plural nouns and use the definite article **i**:

| English | Italian |
|---|---|
| my | **i miei** |
| your | **i tuoi** |
| his/her/its | **i suoi** |
| our | **i nostri** |
| your (pl.) | **i vostri** |
| their | **i loro** |

*Note on family:* While singular family members drop the definite article (like *mio padre*), **plural family members always keep the article**.

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### Feminine Plural Possessives

Feminine plural possessives use the feminine plural article **le** and corresponding endings:

| English | Italian |
|---|---|
| my | **le mie** |
| your | **le tue** |
| his/her/its | **le sue** |
| our | **le nostre** |
| your (pl.) | **le vostre** |
| their | **le loro** |

Notice that **loro** (their) never changes its ending. It simply takes the matching definite article (**i loro** or **le loro**).

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When describing multiple things in the same sentence, each possessive adjective must agree with its specific noun.

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Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Past tense of modal verbs

Question	Answer
parent	il genitore
grandfather / grandparents (plural)	il nonno
My parents and my grandparents are here.	I miei genitori e i miei nonni sono qui.
our	nostro
project	il progetto
Our parents have many projects.	I nostri genitori hanno molti progetti.
colleague	il collega
Are your colleagues busy?	I tuoi colleghi sono occupati?
vacation	la vacanza
Our colleagues are on vacation.	I nostri colleghi sono in vacanza.
neighbor	il vicino
His neighbors are very nice.	I suoi vicini sono molto simpatici.
your (plural)	vostro
Your cats are very beautiful.	I vostri gatti sono molto belli.
their	loro
Their grandparents have three dogs.	I loro nonni hanno tre cani.
luggage	il bagaglio
Where are your bags?	Dove sono i tuoi bagagli?
Our bags are very heavy.	I nostri bagagli sono molto pesanti.
Are your boxes empty?	Le vostre scatole sono vuote?
My shoes are new.	Le mie scarpe sono nuove.
Our ideas are excellent.	Le nostre idee sono ottime.
My dogs are always hungry.	I miei cani hanno sempre fame.
Her daughters are eight and ten years old.	Le sue figlie hanno otto e dieci anni.
Their sisters are young.	Le loro sorelle sono giovani.
Where are your keys?	Dove sono le tue chiavi?
animal	l'animale
My neighbors have our animals.	I miei vicini hanno i nostri animali.
Your projects and our vacations are important.	I tuoi progetti e le nostre vacanze sono importanti.
His animals are small.	I suoi animali sono piccoli.

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