Implicit concessive clauses (pur + gerund)

In Italian, you can express doing something despite a difficulty or even while a condition exists by using the word pur followed by a present gerund. This creates what is known as an implicit concessive clause.

even while / despite
pur

Pur + Present Gerund

To use this structure, the subject of the gerund must be exactly the same as the subject of the main verb. As a quick reminder, you form the present gerund by dropping the infinitive ending and adding -ando (for -are verbs) or -endo (for -ere and -ire verbs).

Despite knowing the truth, he does not give up.
Pur sapendo la verità, non si arrende.
Even while feeling the fatigue, she continues to run.
Pur sentendo la fatica, continua a correre.

This construction is perfect for talking about endurance, stubbornness, and pushing forward despite physical or mental challenges like pain, fatigue, or criticism.

Even while feeling the pain and the fatigue, the boy does not give up.
Pur sentendo il dolore e la fatica, il ragazzo non si arrende.

Sentence Position

The pur + gerund phrase usually appears at the beginning of the sentence to set up the contrast, but it is completely fine to place it after the main clause.

Even while limping, whoever has courage does not stop.
Pur zoppicando, chi ha coraggio non si ferma.
I am not giving up at all, even while limping.
Non mi arrendo mica, pur zoppicando.
The stubborn writer continues to write, despite receiving criticism.
Lo scrittore ostinato continua a scrivere, pur ricevendo critiche.

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