The Supine of Strong Verbs
While weak verbs form the supine (sagnbót) using -að or -t, strong verbs typically take the ending -ið. For example, fara (to go) becomes farið.
| They have gone on the sightseeing tour. | Þeir hafa farið í skoðunarferðina. |
Short Verbs
If a strong verb ends in a vowel rather than -a, the supine usually takes -ð instead of -ið. It often undergoes a vowel shift as well, so sjá (to see) becomes séð.
| Have you seen the new brochure? | Hefur þú séð nýja bæklinginn? |
Stem Vowel Shifts
Strong verbs frequently change their stem vowel in the supine. Here are some common shifts:
- a to e: taka (to take) → tekið
- i to u: finna (to find) → fundið
- jú to o: fljúga (to fly) → flogið
| I have taken the luggage into the hotel. | Ég hef tekið farangurinn inn á hótelið. |
| Have the boys found the luggage? | Hafa strákarnir fundið farangurinn? |
| They have never flown before. | Þau hafa aldrei flogið áður. |
Other verbs, like koma (to come), follow the standard rule without a vowel shift, simply dropping the -a and adding -ið to become komið.
| We have come from the carriage. | Við höfum komið úr vagninum. |
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