Breakdown of Nếu bạn ngủ muộn, bạn sẽ không kịp ăn trưa với chúng tôi.
bạn
you
ăn
to eat
với
with
không
not
sẽ
will
nếu
if
ngủ
to sleep
muộn
late
kịp
to be in time
bữa trưa
the lunch
chúng tôi
us
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Questions & Answers about Nếu bạn ngủ muộn, bạn sẽ không kịp ăn trưa với chúng tôi.
What kind of word is nếu, and how is it used in this sentence?
nếu is a conjunction meaning if. It introduces the conditional clause (protasis). Here, Nếu bạn ngủ muộn sets up a condition for the main clause bạn sẽ không kịp ăn trưa với chúng tôi.
Why is there a comma after Nếu bạn ngủ muộn?
Vietnamese uses a comma to separate the protasis (the “if” clause) from the apodosis (the result clause). Think of it as the equivalent of using a comma in English:
If you sleep late, you won’t make it to lunch with us.
What does ngủ muộn mean, and how is it different from dậy muộn?
- ngủ muộn: to go to bed late (sleep late)
- dậy muộn: to wake up late
Both use muộn (“late”), but one refers to the time you go to sleep and the other to the time you wake up.
What is the function of sẽ in bạn sẽ không kịp ăn trưa?
sẽ is a future-tense marker. Placing sẽ before a verb indicates that the action happens in the future. Here, sẽ không kịp means “will not manage (in time).”
How does kịp work in the phrase không kịp ăn trưa?
kịp means “to be in time” or “to manage to.” When negated as không kịp, it means “cannot make it in time.” It precedes the main verb (ăn trưa) to show that the lunchtime won’t be reached on schedule.
Can you use ăn buổi trưa instead of ăn trưa?
Yes. Both are correct:
- ăn trưa (more common, concise)
- ăn buổi trưa (slightly more formal or emphatic)
What’s the difference between với chúng tôi and cùng chúng tôi after ăn trưa?
- với chúng tôi = “with us” (simple accompaniment)
- cùng chúng tôi = “together with us” (stresses doing the action together)
You can say either: ăn trưa với chúng tôi or ăn trưa cùng chúng tôi.
Why is bạn repeated in both clauses?
Vietnamese often repeats the subject in each clause for clarity. It’s grammatically acceptable and common. You could drop the second bạn if context is clear:
Nếu bạn ngủ muộn, sẽ không kịp ăn trưa với chúng tôi.
Can we switch the order of the clauses in this sentence?
Yes. You can put the main clause first:
Bạn sẽ không kịp ăn trưa với chúng tôi nếu bạn ngủ muộn.
When the “if” clause follows, the comma is optional.