У мене болить вухо.

In Ukrainian, physical states like pain are very often expressed with a structure that literally looks like At me hurts ear.

So:

• У мене = at me / with me
• болить = hurts / aches
• вухо = ear

This pattern is extremely common in Ukrainian:

• У мене болить голова = My head hurts
• У мене болить зуб = My tooth hurts
• У мене болять ноги = My legs hurt

A phrase like Я маю біль... is much less natural in everyday speech.

У мене is the preposition у plus the form мене of я.

In this kind of sentence, у мене means something like:

• I have
• my
• literally, at me

It is the normal Ukrainian way to say that a condition belongs to you:

• У мене є час = I have time
• У мене температура = I have a fever
• У мене болить вухо = My ear hurts

So even though English uses my or I have, Ukrainian often uses у мене.

Because the thing doing the hurting in the sentence is вухо (ear), not I.

So grammatically, the subject is вухо, and the verb agrees with it:

• вухо болить = the ear hurts

Then у мене tells you whose ear or who is experiencing the pain.

So the structure is more like:

• At me, ear hurts

not

• I hurt the ear
• I am hurting

That is why the verb is болить, the 3rd person singular form.

Because вухо is the grammatical subject of the verb болить.

In Ukrainian, the thing that hurts usually stays in the nominative:

• болить голова = the head hurts
• болить рука = the arm hurts
• болить вухо = the ear hurts

Other forms would mean something different:

• вуха could be genitive singular or nominative plural depending on context
• вусі is locative, meaning in the ear

So in this sentence, вухо is nominative singular because it is the thing that aches.

Because вухо is singular.

Compare:

• У мене болить вухо = My ear hurts
• У мене болять вуха = My ears hurt

So the verb changes depending on whether the body part is singular or plural:

• singular subject → болить
• plural subject → болять

You usually do not need моє here.

Ukrainian normally prefers:

• У мене болить вухо

rather than

• Моє вухо болить

The version with моє вухо is grammatically possible, but it sounds more emphatic or contrastive, as if you are specifically focusing on my ear.

For a normal statement about pain, У мене болить вухо is the most natural choice.

Yes. Ukrainian word order is flexible, though some versions sound more neutral than others.

The most neutral version is:

• У мене болить вухо

You may also hear:

• Вухо болить if the owner is already understood
• Вухо у мене болить for emphasis
• Болить вухо in context

But for learners, У мене болить вухо is the safest and most natural everyday pattern.

In this sentence, у мене and в мене mean the same thing.

Ukrainian often alternates у and в for ease of pronunciation and sound flow. So both are correct:

• У мене болить вухо
• В мене болить вухо

Many teachers present у мене first, but both are common.

Then you use the plural:

• У мене болять вуха.

Changes:

• болить → болять
• вухо → вуха

So:

• У мене болить вухо = My ear hurts
• У мене болять вуха = My ears hurt

Yes, very commonly. This is one of the main verbs for aches and pain.

Examples:

• У мене болить голова. = My head hurts.
• У мене болить зуб. = My tooth hurts.
• У мене болить спина. = My back hurts.
• У мене болять очі. = My eyes hurt.

So the pattern is very productive:

• У мене + болить / болять + body part

Вухо is a neuter noun. Many Ukrainian neuter nouns end in -о, and вухо is one of them.

That is why it behaves like a singular neuter noun in grammar:

• вухо болить

As for pronunciation, вухо is approximately VOO-kho, with:

• ву sounding like voo
• х pronounced like a throaty sound, similar to the ch in Scottish loch or German Bach

So the whole sentence is roughly:

• oo me-NE bolYT VOO-kho

That is only an approximation, but it can help at first.

You would say:

• У мене не болить вухо. = My ear does not hurt.

The negative particle не goes before the verb:

• болить → не болить

If you mean both ears:

• У мене не болять вуха.

A natural way is:

• У тебе болить вухо?

Here у мене changes to у тебе:

• у мене = my / I have
• у тебе = your / you have

Examples:

• У тебе болить вухо? = Does your ear hurt?
• Так, у мене болить вухо. = Yes, my ear hurts.

This is the same pattern, just with a different person.