Мій суперник виграв раунд і має десять очок.

A word-by-word breakdown:

• Мій = my
• суперник = opponent / rival
• виграв = won
• раунд = round
• і = and
• має = has
• десять = ten
• очок = points

So the structure is very close to English:

• Мій суперник = my opponent
• виграв раунд = won a/the round
• і має десять очок = and has ten points

Because мій has to agree with the noun it describes.

The noun суперник is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative case

So the possessive adjective must also be masculine singular nominative:

• мій суперник = my opponent

Compare:

• мій брат = my brother
• моя сестра = my sister
• моє місто = my city

Суперник is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case.

In this sentence, my opponent is the one doing the actions:

• виграв = won
• має = has

Because it is the subject, Ukrainian uses the base dictionary form here:

• суперник = opponent

Виграв is the past tense, masculine singular form of the verb виграти (to win).

Ukrainian past tense agrees with gender and number:

• він виграв = he won
• вона виграла = she won
• воно виграло = it won
• вони виграли = they won

Since суперник is masculine singular, the verb is виграв.

Because раунд is the direct object, so it is in the accusative case. For many inanimate masculine nouns, the accusative looks exactly like the nominative.

So:

• nominative: раунд
• accusative: раунд

That is why you see:

• виграв раунд = won a/the round

This is very common with inanimate masculine nouns.

The infinitive is виграти.

Yes, aspect matters. Виграти is a perfective verb, which means it presents the action as completed. So виграв means won in the sense of a finished result.

That fits the sentence well:

• he finished winning the round
• now he has ten points

A common imperfective partner is вигравати, but in a sentence about a completed result, виграти / виграв is the natural choice.

Має is the 3rd person singular present tense of мати (to have).

So:

• я маю = I have
• ти маєш = you have
• він/вона має = he/she has
• ми маємо = we have

Here the subject is мій суперник, which is third person singular, so:

• мій суперник має = my opponent has

Because є means is / exists, not has.

In Ukrainian, possession is usually expressed with мати:

• Він має десять очок = He has ten points

You would not normally say Він є десять очок.

There is also another possession pattern in Ukrainian:

• У нього є десять очок = literally At him there are ten points, meaning He has ten points

That is also correct Ukrainian, but in your sentence the verb мати is used instead.

Because after many numerals, Ukrainian uses a special case form. After п’ять and higher numerals, nouns usually go in the genitive plural.

So:

• десять
  • genitive plural
• очок is the genitive plural form here

That is why:

• десять очок = ten points

This is a very important pattern to learn:

• п’ять книг = five books
• сім днів = seven days
• десять очок = ten points

The singular is очко.

So the forms are:

• singular: очко = point
• plural nominative: очки
• genitive plural: очок

In this sentence, the numeral десять requires the genitive plural, so you get очок.

One thing to notice: очки can also mean glasses depending on context. But here, because of the sports/games context and the number, очок clearly means points.

Because Ukrainian often omits subject pronouns when they are clear from context.

In English, you usually need to repeat the subject:

• My opponent won the round and he has ten points

In Ukrainian, once the subject is already established, you can simply continue with another verb:

• Мій суперник виграв раунд і має десять очок

The subject мій суперник applies to both verbs:

• виграв
• має

Yes, Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English word order, because case endings help show grammatical roles.

The neutral, straightforward order here is:

• Мій суперник виграв раунд і має десять очок.

You could change the order for emphasis, for example:

• Раунд виграв мій суперник...
• Десять очок має мій суперник...

But those versions sound more marked or emphatic. For a normal statement, the original sentence is the most natural.

Usually, yes. In this sentence, і simply connects two actions done by the same subject:

• виграв раунд = won the round
• має десять очок = has ten points

So:

• і = and

Ukrainian also has й, which can sometimes be used instead of і for smoother pronunciation, but here і is completely normal.

You would need to change the words that agree with a feminine noun.

For example, if you used суперниця (female opponent), you would get:

• Моя суперниця виграла раунд і має десять очок.

Changes:

• мій → моя
• суперник → суперниця
• виграв → виграла

But має stays the same, because present tense forms like має do not change for gender.

Має is pronounced roughly like MA-ye.

The letter є usually gives a ye sound. So:

• має ≈ mah-ye

Similarly:

• моє ≈ mo-ye
• є by itself ≈ ye / is

This is useful because learners often expect є to sound like a simple e, but it usually includes that y glide.