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Questions & Answers about Петро подорожує з друзями.
What grammatical role does Петро play in the sentence?
Петро is the subject of the sentence. As a proper noun in the nominative case, it indicates who is performing the action (traveling).
What is the meaning and function of the verb подорожує?
Подорожує is the third person singular present tense form of the verb подорожувати, meaning “to travel.” It tells us that Petro is currently traveling or travels habitually, and its form agrees with the subject, Петро.
How is the phrase з друзями structured, and what does it signify?
The phrase consists of the preposition з (meaning “with”) followed by друзями, which is the instrumental plural form of друг (“friend”). Together, they indicate that Petro is traveling accompanied by his friends.
Why is the instrumental case used for друзями instead of another case?
In Ukrainian, when expressing accompaniment with the preposition з ("with"), the noun that follows must take the instrumental case. This is why друзями appears in the instrumental form, clearly showing that the friends are accompanying Petro.
How does Ukrainian word order in this sentence compare to English?
While Ukrainian allows a relatively free word order due to its rich case system, this sentence follows a straightforward structure—Subject (Петро), Verb (подорожує), and Adverbial Modifier (з друзями)—which is similar to English (e.g., “Petro travels with friends”). This clear structure helps to convey who is doing what and with whom.
Why doesn’t the verb подорожує change its form to reflect друзями?
The verb’s conjugation in Ukrainian depends solely on the subject of the sentence. Since Петро is the subject, the verb agrees with him in person and number. The phrase з друзями is an adverbial complement indicating accompaniment and does not affect the verb’s form.