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Questions & Answers about Петро святкує з друзями.
What does the verb святкує mean, and what does its form tell us about the action’s timing?
The verb святкує means “celebrates” or “is celebrating.” It is the third-person singular present tense form of святкувати, indicating that the action is either happening right now or is a habitual activity without implying completed action.
Why is the preposition з used in the sentence, and what case does it require for the following noun?
The preposition з translates to “with” in this context and requires the instrumental case for the noun that follows. That’s why друзями is in the instrumental plural form—it shows that Petro is celebrating accompanied by his friends.
How does the verb святкує agree with the subject Петро in this sentence?
In Ukrainian, verbs must agree with their subjects in person and number. Here, Петро is a singular masculine noun, and святкує is the third-person singular form of the verb, ensuring proper subject-verb agreement.
What role does the instrumental case play in the phrase з друзями?
The instrumental case in Ukrainian is used to denote the means or accompaniment by which an action occurs. In з друзями, the ending -ями marks друзі (friends) as being in the instrumental plural, indicating that Petro is celebrating in the company of friends.
Is the word order in Петро святкує з друзями. fixed, and what does it reveal about Ukrainian sentence structure?
While Ukrainian does allow for flexible word order to emphasize different parts of a sentence, this example follows a natural, straightforward structure: subject (Петро), verb (святкує), and an instrumental phrase (з друзями) indicating accompaniment. This clear Subject-Verb-(Accompaniment) order is common in everyday Ukrainian speech.