Урожай вишні дуже великий.

In Ukrainian, the present-tense verb to be is usually omitted.

So:

Урожай вишні дуже великий.

literally looks like:

Cherry harvest very large.

but it naturally means The cherry harvest is very large.

You can think of this as a normal Ukrainian pattern:

• Він щасливий. = He is happy.
• Книга цікава. = The book is interesting.

So the missing is is not a mistake; it is standard Ukrainian grammar.

After урожай meaning harvest / yield, Ukrainian often uses the thing harvested in the genitive case.

So:

• вишня = the dictionary form, nominative singular
• вишні = here, the genitive singular form

That is why you get:

урожай вишні = the harvest of cherry / cherry harvest

This is a very common structure in Ukrainian:

• урожай пшениці = wheat harvest
• урожай яблук = apple harvest
• урожай картоплі = potato harvest

Here it is best understood as genitive singular.

That can feel strange to an English speaker, because English often prefers a plural idea in phrases like cherry harvest or harvest of cherries. Ukrainian often uses a singular noun to mean the crop or produce as a whole.

A useful point: the form вишні can also be nominative plural in other sentences, so the form itself is ambiguous. The grammar of this sentence tells you what it is here:

• урожай
  • genitive noun is the expected pattern
• so вишні is understood as genitive singular here

Because it agrees with урожай, not with вишні.

The main noun of the sentence is урожай, and урожай is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

So the adjective must also be:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

That gives великий.

Compare:

• урожай великий — masculine
• вишня велика — feminine
• яблуко велике — neuter

So even though вишні is nearby, it does not control the adjective. It is just a dependent noun after урожай.

Урожай can mean several closely related things:

• harvest
• crop
• yield

Which English word sounds best depends on context.

In this sentence, all of these can work depending on the situation:

• The cherry harvest is very large.
• The cherry crop is very large.
• The cherry yield is very high.

So урожай is a useful general agricultural word, not just the act of harvesting.

Дуже means very.

It modifies the adjective великий, so:

дуже великий = very large

Its normal position is before the adjective or adverb it modifies:

• дуже великий = very large
• дуже добре = very well

So the phrase structure is straightforward:

• урожай вишні = cherry harvest
• дуже великий = very large

Yes, Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English, but not completely free.

The sentence as given:

Урожай вишні дуже великий.

is a neutral, natural way to say it.

You could also say:

Дуже великий урожай вишні.

This often sounds more like focusing on the size of the harvest, and depending on context it can be either:

• a full sentence, or
• just a noun phrase: a very large cherry harvest

So word order changes emphasis more than basic meaning.

For a learner, Урожай вишні дуже великий is a safe, standard pattern.

Ukrainian has no articles.

So Ukrainian does not normally mark the difference between:

• a cherry harvest
• the cherry harvest

The context tells you which one is meant.

That is why Урожай вишні дуже великий can be translated in different ways depending on context:

• The cherry harvest is very large
• A cherry harvest is very large would be less likely in most contexts, but grammatically possible as an English rendering if the situation required it

English needs articles; Ukrainian usually does not.

Yes, you may encounter both, but they are not exactly the same in feel.

• урожай вишні often treats cherry as a crop or type of produce in a general/collective sense
• урожай вишень uses the plural idea of cherries

In many contexts, both are understandable. The version in your sentence, урожай вишні, is very natural and common for talking about the crop in a general agricultural sense.

So for a learner, it is good to recognize:

• урожай + genitive singular is a normal pattern
• plural forms can also appear depending on how the speaker frames the noun

Not always.

In Ukrainian, there is often a distinction:

• вишня = sour/tart cherry
• черешня = sweet cherry

English usually just says cherry, so this difference can surprise learners.

That means the sentence may specifically suggest a harvest of sour cherries, not sweet cherries. But in some broader contexts, translations may still just use cherry if the exact type is not important.

So this is partly a vocabulary question, not just a grammar one.