Кошик повний сезонних овочів.

In Ukrainian, the present-tense verb бути (to be) is usually omitted in simple sentences like this.

So:

• Кошик повний сезонних овочів.

naturally means:

• The basket is full of seasonal vegetables.

This is very normal in Ukrainian. English needs is, but Ukrainian usually does not.

Here is the grammar of each word:

• кошик — nominative singular
  
  • the subject of the sentence
• повний — nominative singular masculine
  
  • agrees with кошик
• сезонних — genitive plural
  
  • agrees with овочів
• овочів — genitive plural
  
  • used because повний takes the genitive

So the structure is basically:

• [subject] + [full] + [of something in the genitive]

Because after повний (full), Ukrainian normally uses the genitive case for the thing something is full of.

So:

• повний овочів = full of vegetables

not:

• повний овочі

That is why both words change:

• сезонні овочі → nominative plural
• сезонних овочів → genitive plural

Because Ukrainian often expresses relationships through case endings instead of separate words.

In English, you say:

• full of vegetables

In Ukrainian, the idea of of vegetables is built into the genitive case:

• повний овочів

So there is no extra word corresponding to English of here.

Because повний must agree with кошик.

Кошик is:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

So the adjective is also:

• masculine
• singular
• nominative

That gives повний.

Compare:

• Сумка повна фруктів. — The bag is full of fruit.
• Відро повне води. — The bucket is full of water.
• Кошики повні овочів. — The baskets are full of vegetables.

It describes овочів (vegetables), not кошик (basket).

You can tell because:

• сезонних is genitive plural
• овочів is also genitive plural

They match, so they belong together:

• сезонних овочів = seasonal vegetables

If you wanted to describe the basket as seasonal, you would need something like:

• сезонний кошик

Ukrainian has no articles like a or the.

So кошик can mean either:

• a basket
• the basket

The exact meaning depends on context.

In isolation, English could translate the sentence as either:

• A basket is full of seasonal vegetables
• The basket is full of seasonal vegetables

In real usage, context tells you which one is meant.

Yes. Ukrainian word order is fairly flexible.

The original order:

• Кошик повний сезонних овочів.

is a neutral, natural way to say it.

You can change the order for emphasis, but the tone may become less neutral or more literary. For example:

• Сезонних овочів повний кошик.

This puts more focus on seasonal vegetables.

For everyday learning, the original sentence is the safest pattern to use.

Yes, повен is possible:

• Кошик повен сезонних овочів.

But повен is less neutral and can sound more literary, expressive, or old-fashioned. For most everyday purposes, повний is the better choice for learners.

Yes. A common alternative is:

• Кошик наповнений сезонними овочами.

This also means that the basket is filled with seasonal vegetables.

The main grammar difference is:

• повний + genitive
  
  • повний сезонних овочів
• наповнений + instrumental
  
  • наповнений сезонними овочами

Both are correct, but they use different patterns. For learners, it is useful to remember them as separate constructions.