Pamuk ve merhemi çantama attım, çünkü kuzenimin topuğu yine kızarabilir.

Because Turkish often leaves subject pronouns out when the verb already shows the person.

Here, attım means I threw / I put:

• at- = throw, put
• -tı- = past tense
• -m = I

So attım already tells you the subject is I.
If you said Ben pamuk ve merhemi çantama attım, the ben would add emphasis, like I put them in my bag.

Literally, yes: atmak often means to throw.

But in everyday Turkish, it can also be used more loosely for putting something somewhere, especially quickly or casually. So here çantama attım is very natural and can mean:

• I threw into my bag
• I put into my bag

English would usually prefer put in this context, even though Turkish uses atmak.

Because çantama means to/into my bag.

It breaks down like this:

• çanta = bag
• -m = my
• -a = to / into

So:

• çantam = my bag
• çantama = to/into my bag

With a verb like atmak, the place something goes often takes the dative ending -a / -e.

This is about the Turkish accusative and specificity.

• pamuk here is bare, so it sounds more like some cotton / cotton
• merhemi has the accusative ending, so it means the ointment or a specific ointment

So the sentence suggests something like:

• I put cotton and the ointment in my bag

This kind of mixed structure is possible if one object is non-specific and the other is specific.

Compare:

• pamuk ve merhem = cotton and ointment
• pamuğu ve merhemi = the cotton and the ointment

This is a possessive construction: my cousin’s heel.

It breaks down as:

• kuzen-im-in = of my cousin
• topuk-u = his/her heel

So:

• kuzenim = my cousin
• kuzenimin = my cousin’s
• topuğu = his/her heel

In Turkish, this kind of structure usually uses:

• possessor + genitive
• possessed noun + possessive ending

So kuzenimin topuğu literally means the heel of my cousin.

Because of a common sound change in Turkish.

The base word is topuk.
When a vowel-initial suffix is added, the final k often softens to ğ.

So:

• topuk
  • -u → topuğu

This happens in many words:

• çocuk → çocuğu
• renk → rengi
• ayak → ayağı

So topuğu is exactly what you should expect from topuk in this form.

It means might/could become red.

The verb is kızarmak = to become red / to redden.
The form kızarabilir adds the idea of possibility:

• kızarabilir = it might get red
• it could become red

In this sentence, it refers to the heel:

• kuzenimin topuğu yine kızarabilir = my cousin’s heel might get red again

So this is not a definite future. It expresses possibility.

Yine means again.

Here:

• yine kızarabilir = might get red again

Its position is normal. In Turkish, adverbs like yine often come before the verb or verb phrase they modify.

You will often see:

• yine geldim = I came again
• yine unuttum = I forgot again
• yine kızarabilir = it might get red again

Yes, very normal.

The main clause is:

• Pamuk ve merhemi çantama attım

A natural Turkish order is:

• object
• destination/place
• verb

So this pattern is very common:

• [object] [where/to where] [verb]

Then the reason clause comes after it:

• çünkü kuzenimin topuğu yine kızarabilir
• because my cousin’s heel might get red again

That is also normal. Turkish often puts the main statement first and the çünkü clause after it, just like English often does.

Çünkü means because and introduces a full clause with its own finite verb.

So:

• çünkü kuzenimin topuğu yine kızarabilir = because my cousin’s heel might get red again

This works very much like English because.

It is different from some other Turkish cause/reason structures, but for a learner, the important point is:

• çünkü = straightforward because
• it is followed by a normal clause

So the whole sentence is structured as:

• I put cotton and the ointment in my bag, because my cousin’s heel might get red again.