Gözlüğüm komodinin üstünde.

The base word is gözlük, which means glasses / spectacles.

The ending -üm is the my possessive suffix. So:

• gözlük = glasses
• gözlüğüm = my glasses

Two important things are happening:

1. Vowel harmony changes the suffix to -üm

   • not every word takes the same possessive ending

2. The final k in gözlük changes to ğ before a vowel suffix

   • gözlük + üm → gözlüğüm

This kind of consonant change is very common in Turkish.

In Turkish, gözlük is often treated as a singular object, even though in English glasses is plural in form.

So Turkish thinks of it more like:

• a pair of glasses = one item

That is why gözlüğüm means my glasses, not necessarily my glass.

If you wanted actual plural glasses in some contexts, Turkish can use gözlükler, but for normal eyewear, gözlük is very natural.

The ending -in marks the genitive case, roughly meaning of the nightstand.

So:

• komodin = nightstand
• komodinin = of the nightstand / the nightstand’s

Turkish commonly uses this pattern with location words like üst (top), alt (bottom/under), iç (inside), ön (front), and so on.

So komodinin üstünde literally works like:

• on the top of the nightstand

Even though in natural English we simply say on the nightstand.

Üstünde means on it, on top of it, or on its surface depending on context.

It is built from:

• üst = top / upper part / surface
• -ü = a possessive ending
• -nde = locative ending, meaning in/on/at

So üstünde literally means something like:

• on its top
• on top of it

In komodinin üstünde, the it refers to the nightstand.

Turkish often leaves out is / are in simple present-tense sentences like this.

So:

• Gözlüğüm komodinin üstünde. = My glasses are on the nightstand.

There is no separate word for are here, but the sentence is perfectly complete in Turkish.

This is very normal in Turkish nominal sentences.

Actually, this sentence is quite natural in Turkish word order.

• Gözlüğüm = my glasses
• komodinin üstünde = on the nightstand

So the structure is:

• subject + location

That matches English fairly well:

• My glasses are on the nightstand.

But Turkish is also flexible. You could say:

• Komodinin üstünde gözlüğüm.

That would put more focus on the location, something like:

• My glasses are on the nightstand / It’s on the nightstand, my glasses.

So the given sentence is neutral and natural.

The form üstünde is already the correct combined form.

The base expression is built as:

• üst = top
• üstü = its top / the top of it
• üstünde = on its top

In many Turkish grammar explanations, this is described as:

• a possessed noun
• plus the locative ending

The n in -nde appears as a linking consonant before the case ending in forms like this.

So üstünde is not random; it is a regular grammatical form.

Yes, you can, but it is slightly different in structure and emphasis.

• Gözlüğüm komodinin üstünde. = My glasses are on the nightstand.

• Komodinin üstünde gözlüğüm var. = There are my glasses on the nightstand / I have my glasses on the nightstand.

The version with var is often used to state existence or presence. The original sentence is a simple, direct location statement.

Both are correct, but the given sentence is cleaner and more straightforward here.

It is the 1st person singular possessive suffix, meaning my.

Its form changes because of vowel harmony. Turkish suffix vowels usually adjust to match the vowels in the word.

Since gözlük has vowels that require the ü-type harmony, the suffix becomes -üm.

Compare:

• evim = my house
• kitabım = my book
• okulum = my school
• gözlüğüm = my glasses

So the suffix is the same grammatical idea, but its vowel changes depending on the word.

Yes, komodin is a normal Turkish word for nightstand or bedside table.

It is a loanword, which is very common in Turkish vocabulary. Learners often notice that some everyday objects have borrowed names.

Depending on context, people might also use other furniture terms, but komodin is perfectly standard here.

Yes. In Turkish, expressions with üst often correspond to simple English on.

So:

• masanın üstünde = on the table
• komodinin üstünde = on the nightstand

Literally, Turkish is saying on the top/surface of the object, but in natural English we usually just say on.

So the literal structure is a bit different, but the natural meaning is exactly what you would expect.