Arkadaşım üzülünce ona çay veriyorum.

When my friend gets upset, I give her tea.

Breakdown of Arkadaşım üzülünce ona çay veriyorum.

• çay: the tea
• benim: my
• arkadaş: the friend
• vermek: to give

Questions & Answers about Arkadaşım üzülünce ona çay veriyorum.

Why does arkadaşım end in -ım?

Because arkadaşım means my friend.

• arkadaş = friend
• -ım = my

So this is a possessive ending, not a case ending. The subject of the sentence is arkadaşım = my friend.

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What does üzülünce mean, and how is it built?

Üzülünce comes from:

• üzülmek = to get sad, to be upset
• -ınca / -ince / -unca / -ünce = when, once, upon

So:

• üzül-ünce = when he/she gets sad / when my friend gets sad

The suffix changes form because of vowel harmony. Since üzülmek has the vowel ü, the suffix appears here as -ünce.

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Why is it üzülmek and not üzmek?