Televizyon açık kalınca uykuya dalamıyorum.

Kalınca comes from kalmak (to stay / remain) plus -ınca / -ince, a suffix that often means when, once, or sometimes if depending on context.

So:

• kalmak = to stay, remain
• kalınca = when it stays / when it remains

In this sentence, açık kalınca means when it stays on or when it is left on.

With televizyon açık kalınca, the idea is:

• when the television remains on
• if the TV is left on

The exact English wording depends on context, but when the TV stays on is the core meaning.

Both are possible in Turkish, but they emphasize slightly different things.

• açık olmak = to be open / to be on
• açık kalmak = to stay open / to remain on / to be left on

So:

• Televizyon açık = The TV is on.
• Televizyon açık kalınca = When the TV stays on / when the TV is left on

Using kalmak adds the idea that the state continues. It is not just on for a moment; it remains on, and that continuing state causes the problem.

Yes, açık literally often means open, but in Turkish it is also used for things like lights, TVs, radios, etc. to mean on.

Examples:

• Kapı açık. = The door is open.
• Işık açık. = The light is on.
• Televizyon açık. = The TV is on.

This is very natural in Turkish.

Uykuya dalmak is a set expression meaning to fall asleep.

It is made of:

• uyku = sleep
• uykuya = into sleep
• dalmak = to dive / plunge / sink

So literally it is something like to sink into sleep, which is why it means to fall asleep.

This is different from simply uyumak:

• uyumak = to sleep
• uykuya dalmak = to fall asleep

So the sentence is specifically about the moment of getting to sleep, not the whole act of sleeping.

Because the expression is uykuya dalmak, and -ya here is the dative case ending.

The dative often means to, toward, or into.

So:

• uyku = sleep
• uykuya = to sleep / into sleep

Since dalmak often takes a destination-like complement, uykuya dalmak literally means to sink into sleep.

This is just the normal fixed pattern:

• denize dalmak = to dive into the sea
• düşüncelere dalmak = to become absorbed in thoughts
• uykuya dalmak = to fall asleep

Dalamıyorum is a very important Turkish pattern.

It comes from:

• dalmak = to fall asleep / sink
• dal-a-ma-yor-um = I cannot fall asleep / I am unable to fall asleep

Breakdown:

• dal- = verb stem
• -a- = linking vowel
• -ma- = negative element used in this structure
• -yor- = present continuous
• -um = I

In Turkish, this pattern often expresses inability:

• geliyorum = I am coming

• gelemiyorum = I can't come

• anlıyorum = I understand

• anlayamıyorum = I can't understand

• uyuyorum = I am sleeping
• uyuyamıyorum = I can't sleep

So dalamıyorum does not mean just I am not falling asleep. It means I can’t fall asleep.

Because dalmıyorum and dalamıyorum mean different things.

• dalmıyorum = I am not falling asleep / I do not fall asleep
• dalamıyorum = I cannot fall asleep

That extra -a-...-ma- pattern gives the meaning of not being able to do something.

Compare:

• Yemiyorum. = I’m not eating.
• Yiyemiyorum. = I can’t eat.

So in your sentence, the speaker is talking about inability, not simple negation.

Not always. -ınca / -ince can mean several related things depending on context:

• when
• once
• after
• sometimes if

In this sentence, Televizyon açık kalınca could be understood as:

• When the TV stays on...
• If the TV is left on...

The main idea is that one situation leads to another.

A few examples:

• Eve gelince beni ara. = Call me when you get home.
• Seni görünce sevindim. = I was happy when I saw you.
• Geç kalınca telaşlandık. = When we were late, we panicked.

So here it introduces the condition/situation under which the speaker cannot fall asleep.

Yes, Turkish word order is flexible, although some orders sound more natural in certain contexts.

The sentence:

• Televizyon açık kalınca uykuya dalamıyorum.

is very natural and topic-first. It starts with the thing being discussed: the television.

You could also hear variations like:

• Uykuya dalamıyorum televizyon açık kalınca.

But that sounds more marked, with stronger emphasis on I can't fall asleep first.

Turkish often places background or condition clauses before the main clause, so:

• Televizyon açık kalınca = when the TV stays on
• uykuya dalamıyorum = I can't fall asleep

This ordering is very typical.

Turkish does not have articles like the and a/an.

So televizyon can mean:

• television
• the television
• a television

The exact meaning is understood from context.

In this sentence, English would normally say the TV because both speaker and listener probably know which TV is being discussed. Turkish does not need a separate word for that.

Yes, but it would mean something slightly different.

• uykuya dalamıyorum = I can't fall asleep
• uyuyamıyorum = I can't sleep

The first focuses on the difficulty of getting to sleep in the first place. The second is broader and could mean:

• I can't get to sleep
• I can't sleep properly
• I am unable to sleep

So uykuya dalamıyorum is more precise here if the problem is that the TV prevents the person from drifting off.

It is not passive in form. It simply describes the TV as remaining on.

• Televizyon açık kalıyor. = The TV stays on.
• Televizyon açık kalınca... = When the TV stays on...

This does not explicitly say who left it on. Turkish often leaves that unspecified if it is not important.

If you wanted to make the person more explicit, you could say something like:

• Televizyonu açık bırakınca uykuya dalamıyorum. = When you/I/someone leave the TV on, I can’t fall asleep.

Here:

• açık kalmak focuses on the TV’s state
• açık bırakmak focuses more on the action of leaving it on

It has two parts:

1. Televizyon açık kalınca

   • televizyon = TV
   • açık = on
   • kalınca = when it stays / when it remains

2. uykuya dalamıyorum

   • uykuya dalmak = to fall asleep
   • dalamıyorum = I can’t fall asleep

So the structure is:

[When the TV stays on] + [I can't fall asleep].

That is a very common Turkish pattern:

• subordinate clause first
• main clause second

Yes. In many sentences, -ınca / -ince is not just about time; it can also suggest that one thing leads to another.

Here, Televizyon açık kalınca uykuya dalamıyorum does not merely mean:

• at the time the TV stays on, I can’t fall asleep

It more naturally implies:

• because the TV stays on, I can’t fall asleep

So the suffix often carries both:

• a time relationship: when
• a cause/result relationship: if/when this happens, that happens

That is why this sentence sounds very natural without needing a separate word for because.