Sabah odadaki dağınıklığı görünce önce yatağı topladım.

In Turkish, time words often work as adverbs by themselves. Sabah literally means morning, but in a sentence it often means in the morning or this morning, depending on context.

So Turkish does not need a separate preposition like English does here.

Odadaki breaks down like this:

• oda = room
• oda-da = in the room
• oda-da-ki = the one/thing that is in the room

So odadaki is an adjective-like form meaning in the room or that is in the room.

That means:

• odadaki dağınıklık = the mess in the room
• literally: the mess that is in the room

The suffix -ki is very common for turning a place expression into a modifier.

The base word is dağınıklık, which here means mess, untidiness, or clutter.

In this sentence, it is a specific direct object—the speaker saw a particular mess—so Turkish uses the accusative ending.

• dağınıklık = mess
• dağınıklığı = the mess

There is also a sound change:

• final k often becomes ğ before a vowel-initial suffix

So:

• dağınıklık + -ı → dağınıklığı

Görünce comes from görmek (to see) plus the suffix -ınca / -ince / -unca / -ünce.

This suffix means when, once, or upon doing something.

So:

• gelince = when he/she/I came
• bitince = when it finished
• görünce = when seeing / when I saw / when he saw, depending on context

In this sentence, the subject is understood from the main verb topladım (I tidied), so görünce is naturally read as when I saw.

Önce means first here.

So önce yatağı topladım means I first tidied the bed.

In other contexts, önce can also mean before, but in this sentence it is marking sequence: this was the first action the speaker did.

Because it is also a specific direct object.

• yatak = bed
• yatağı = the bed

The speaker is not talking about a bed in general but about the bed in that room, so Turkish uses the accusative.

There is the same sound change here too:

• yatak + -ı → yatağı

Again, final k becomes ğ before the vowel-initial ending.

Topladım comes from toplamak.

Breakdown:

• topla- = gather, collect, tidy up
• -dı = past tense
• -m = I

So topladım means I gathered, I collected, or I tidied up.

But with yatak, Turkish commonly says yatağı toplamak for to make the bed or to tidy the bed. So here it is best understood that way, not as literally collecting the bed.

Because Turkish verb endings already show the subject.

In topladım, the ending -m tells you the subject is I.

So:

• topladım = I tidied
• ben topladım = I tidied it

The pronoun ben is only needed if you want extra emphasis or contrast. Leaving it out is completely normal.

It is different from English, but it is very normal for Turkish.

The sentence is arranged like this:

• Sabah = in the morning
• odadaki dağınıklığı görünce = when I saw the mess in the room
• önce = first
• yatağı topladım = I tidied the bed

Turkish often puts:

1. time expressions near the beginning,
2. when-clauses before the main clause,
3. the main verb at the end.

So the structure may feel different to an English speaker, but it is very natural Turkish.