Ağaç büyüyünce bahçe daha güzel görünüyor.

Büyüyünce means when it grows, once it grows, or when it has grown, depending on context.

It comes from the verb büyümek meaning to grow plus the suffix -(y)ınca / -(y)ince / -(y)unca / -(y)ünce, which often means when or once. Because büyü- ends in a vowel, a buffer y is added, so you get büyü + y + ünce.

So:

büyümek → büyüyünce = when it grows / once it has grown

Turkish often leaves subjects unstated when they are clear from context.

Here, ağaç is understood as the subject of büyüyünce:

Ağaç büyüyünce = when the tree grows

So Turkish does not need to say it grows the way English does. The noun ağaç already tells you what is growing.

Turkish does not have articles like English a/an and the.

So ağaç can mean:

• a tree
• the tree
• sometimes tree/trees in a general sense

And bahçe can mean:

• a garden
• the garden

Which one sounds best depends on the situation and the translation you were given. In this sentence, English will usually choose the tree and the garden if both are already known in context.

Daha is the usual Turkish word for making a comparative, so daha güzel means more beautiful or nicer.

Turkish does not add a special ending like English -er. Instead, it uses daha before the adjective:

• güzel = beautiful
• daha güzel = more beautiful / prettier

If you want to say than, Turkish usually adds -den / -dan to the thing being compared:

• X, Y-den daha güzel = X is more beautiful than Y

In your sentence, the second item is not stated, so the idea is simply that the garden looks more beautiful than before.

Because görünmek is an intransitive verb here. It means to appear, to look, or to seem.

So:

bahçe daha güzel görünüyor = the garden looks more beautiful

The garden is not being seen by something else in this sentence. It is the thing that appears a certain way.

That is why bahçe is the subject.

Yes. It is related historically, but for learners it is best to treat görünmek as its own verb.

• görmek = to see
• görünmek = to appear / to be seen / to look

In everyday Turkish, güzel görünüyor is a very common pattern meaning looks beautiful.

So do not read görünüyor here as is seeing. It means appears / looks.

The -yor form is very common in Turkish for what English often translates as a normal present tense.

So görünüyor can naturally mean:

• looks
• is looking
• appears

In this sentence, görünüyor sounds like a present observation: the garden looks nicer.

A form like görünür is possible in some contexts, but it tends to sound more general, habitual, formal, or like a broad statement. Görünüyor is the more natural everyday choice here.

Turkish often puts a when/if clause before the main clause.

So the structure is:

Ağaç büyüyünce = when the tree grows
bahçe daha güzel görünüyor = the garden looks nicer

This is very normal Turkish word order. It moves from background information to the main point.

A comma is also possible in writing:

Ağaç büyüyünce, bahçe daha güzel görünüyor.

But the meaning stays the same.

It can do both. The exact meaning depends on context.

It can mean:

• when it grows in the future
• once it has grown
• whenever it grows, in a more general sense

In this sentence, it most naturally suggests a result: after the tree grows, the garden looks nicer.

So English might understand it as either:

• When the tree grows, the garden looks nicer
• Once the tree has grown, the garden looks nicer

In ağaç, the ğ is usually not pronounced like a hard consonant.

For many learners, a useful approximation is:

ağaç ≈ aaç

The ğ often lengthens the vowel before it or creates a very light glide, rather than making a strong sound like English g.

So:

• ağaç is not agach
• it is closer to aa-ch, with ç pronounced like ch

A helpful breakdown is:

• Ağaç = tree
• büyüyünce = when it grows
• bahçe = garden
• daha güzel = more beautiful / nicer
• görünüyor = looks / appears

So the pattern is:

[When-clause] + [main clause]

More literally:

When the tree grows, the garden looks more beautiful.

That makes it a very useful model sentence for learning:

• the -(y)ınca / -(y)ince time clause
• the comparative with daha
• the verb görünmek for to look / appear