Learn Hardcore Turkish: Üniversite enstitüsü laboratuvardan gelen verileri inceliyor. - The university institute is examining the data coming from the laboratory.

The suffix -dan is the ablative case marker in Turkish, meaning “from.” So laboratuvardan literally means “from the laboratory.” Without -dan, you’d just have the bare noun laboratuvar (“laboratory”) with no indication of origin.

What role does gelen play in laboratuvardan gelen verileri?

Gelen is the present‐participle form of gelmek (“to come”). Here it turns the verb into an adjective: “coming” or “that comes.” Thus laboratuvardan gelen verileri means “the data coming from the laboratory.”

Why is verileri in the accusative case with -i?

The suffix -i marks a definite direct object in Turkish. Because we’re talking about specific data (“the data coming from the lab”), we use the accusative verileri. If it were indefinite or general (“some data”), it would be veriler without -i.

Why aren’t there articles like “the” or “a” in Turkish?

Turkish does not use articles. Definiteness is usually shown by case endings (like the accusative -i for definite objects) or by context. You simply rely on suffixes and word order.

What does üniversite enstitüsü mean, and why not üniversitenin enstitüsü?

Üniversite enstitüsü is a compound noun meaning “university institute.” In Turkish, noun‐noun compounds often drop the genitive/possessive markers you’d expect in a literal “X of Y” construction. Saying üniversitenin enstitüsü (“the institute of the university”) is grammatically correct but more formal and less common in everyday register.

What tense and person is inceliyor, and why -yor?

İnceliyor is the third person singular present continuous (progressive) form of incelemek (“to examine” or “to investigate”). The suffix -yor signals ongoing action (“is examining”), and no separate pronoun is needed because the verb ending implies “he/she/it.”

Why isn’t there a subject pronoun like o (“he/she/it”)?

In Turkish, the verb ending already encodes person and number. İnceliyor ends with a zero‐marked third person singular, so the subject pronoun o is redundant and typically omitted.

Is the word order fixed as Subject–Object–Verb (SOV)? Could it change?

The neutral order in Turkish is indeed SOV: Üniversite enstitüsü (lab’dan gelen verileri) inceliyor. However, because case endings clarify each phrase’s role, you can rearrange elements for emphasis:
– Verileri üniversite enstitüsü inceliyor.
– Laboratuvardan gelen verileri üniversite enstitüsü inceliyor.
Meanings stay clear thanks to the suffixes.

Why is veriler plural, even though “data” in English is often uncountable?

In Turkish, veri can function as a singular (“a piece of data”) or as a mass noun, but when referring to multiple data points you typically use the plural veriler. So verileri is “the data” (plural object) in this context.